of export earnings. Nomads and semi-nomads, who are dependent upon
livestock for their livelihood, make up a large portion of the
population. Livestock and bananas are the principal exports; sugar,
sorghum, corn, fish, and qat are products for the domestic market.
The small industrial sector, based on the processing of agricultural
products, accounts for 10% of GDP; most facilities have been shut
down because of the civil strife. Moreover, ongoing civil
disturbances in Mogadishu and outlying areas have interfered with
any substantial economic advance and with international aid
arrangements. Due to the civil strife, economic data is susceptible
to an exceptionally wide margin of error.

South Africa:
South Africa is a middle-income, developing country
with an abundant supply of resources, well-developed financial,
legal, communications, energy, and transport sectors, a stock
exchange that ranks among the 10 largest in the world, and a modern
infrastructure supporting an efficient distribution of goods to
major urban centers throughout the region. However, growth has not
been strong enough to cut into the 30% unemployment, and daunting
economic problems remain from the apartheid era, especially the
problems of poverty and lack of economic empowerment among the
disadvantaged groups. Other problems are crime, corruption, and
HIV/AIDS. At the start of 2000, President MBEKI vowed to promote
economic growth and foreign investment, and to reduce poverty by
relaxing restrictive labor laws, stepping up the pace of
privatization, and cutting unneeded governmental spending.

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands:
Some fishing takes
place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from
harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from
postage stamps produced in the UK.

Southern Ocean:
Fisheries in 1998-99 (1 July to 30 June) landed
119,898 metric tons, of which 85% was krill and 14% Patagonian
toothfish. International agreements were adopted in late 1999 to
reduce illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, which in the
1998-99 season landed five to six times more Patagonian toothfish
than the regulated fishery. In the 1999-2000 antarctic summer 13,193
tourists, most of them seaborne, visited the Southern Ocean and
Antarctica, compared to 10,013 the previous year. Nearly 16,000
tourists are expected during the 200