ed from
Russia and Turkey) (1997)

Televisions: 820,000 (1997)

Internet country code: .tm

Internet Service Providers (ISPs): NA

Internet users: 2,000 (2000)

Turkmenistan Transportation

Railways: total: 2,187 km

broad gauge: 2,187 km 1.520-m gauge (1996 est.)

Highways: total: 22,000 km

paved: 18,000 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and
include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are
surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them
trafficable in all weather)

unpaved: 4,000 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and
are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1996)

Waterways: the Amu Darya is an important inland waterway for
Turkmenistan

Pipelines: crude oil 250 km; natural gas 4,400 km

Ports and harbors: Turkmenbashi

Merchant marine: total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,459
GRT/8,865 DWT

ships by type: container 1 (2000 est.)

Airports: 76 (2000 est.)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 13

2,438 to 3,047 m: 9

1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2000 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 63

2,438 to 3,047 m: 7

1,524 to 2,437 m: 5

914 to 1,523 m: 10

under 914 m: 41 (2000 est.)

Turkmenistan Military

Military branches: Ministry of Defense (Army, Air and Air Defense,
Navy, Border Troops, and Internal Troops), National Guard

Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,173,500 (2001
est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49:
952,218 (2001 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 48,292
(2001 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $90 million (FY99)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 3.4% (FY99)

Turkmenistan Transnational Issues

Disputes - international: Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet
determined among Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and
Turkmenistan

Illicit drugs: limited illicit cultivator of opium poppy, mostly for
domestic consumption; limited government eradication program;
increasingly used as transshipment point for illicit drugs from
Southwest Asia to Russia and Western Europe; also a transshipment
point for acetic anhydride destined for Afghanistan

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@Turks and Caicos Islands

Turks and Caicos Islands Introduction

Background: The isl