journal, were published by Dutch authors.
Moreover, Hudson's own journal, or some portion of it at least, was in
Holland, and was used by De Laet previously to the publication of Juet's
journal in _Purchas' Pilgrims_. But the most substantial proof that the
Dutch enjoyed the benefit of his discoveries earlier than any other
nation, is the fact that the very next year they were trading in Hudson
River, which it is not probable would have happened if they had not had
possession of Hudson's charts and journal.

GALILEO OVERTHROWS ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY

THE TELESCOPE AND ITS DISCOVERIES

A.D. 1610

SIR OLIVER LODGE

When the Copernican system of astronomy was published to the
world (1543) it had to encounter, as all capital theories and
discoveries in science have done, the criticism, and, for some
time, the opposition, of men holding other views. After
Copernicus, the next great name in modern science is that of
Tycho Brahe (1546-1601), who rejected the theory of Copernicus
in favor of a modified form of the Ptolemaic system. This was
still taught in the schools when two mighty contemporaries,
geniuses of science, rose to overthrow it forever.

These men were Galileo Galilei--commonly known as Galileo--and
Kepler, both astronomers, though Galileo's scientific work
covered also a much wider field. He is regarded to-day as
marking a distinct epoch in the progress of the world, and the
following account of his work by the eminent scientist, Sir
Oliver Lodge, expresses no more than a just appreciation of his
great services to mankind.

Galileo exercised a vast influence on the development of human thought.
A man of great and wide culture, a so-called universal genius, it is as
an experimental philosopher that he takes the first rank. In this
capacity he must be placed alongside of Archimedes, and it is pretty
certain that between the two there was no man of magnitude equal to
either in experimental philosophy. It is perhaps too bold a speculation,
but I venture to doubt whether in succeeding generations we find his
equal in the domain of purely experimental science until we come to
Faraday. Faraday was no doubt his superior, but I know of no other of
whom the like can unhesitatingly be said. In mathematical and deductive
science, of course, it is quite otherwise. Kepler, for instance, and
many men before and since, have far excelled G