of repression and
constraint developed into a sexual symbol. In C.P.'s case that symbolism
arises from the experience of an abnormal heterosexual relationship; in
A.N.'s case it is founded on auto-erotic experiences associated with
inversion; in both alike the entire symbolism has become diffused and
generalized.

In the two cases just brought forward we have an erotic symbolism of act
founded on, and closely associated with, an erotic symbolism of object. It
may be instructive to bring forward another case in which no fetichistic
feeling toward an object can be traced, but an erotic symbolism still
clearly exists. In this case pain, even when self-inflicted, has acquired
a symbolic value as a stimulus to tumescence, without any element of
masochism. Such a case serves to indicate how the sexual attraction of
pain is really a special case of the erotic symbolism with which we are
here concerned.

A.W., aged 50, a writer and lecturer, physically and mentally
energetic and enjoying good health. He is, however, very
emotional and of nervous temperament, but self-controlled. Though
physically well developed, the sexual organs are small. He is
married to an attractive woman, to whom he is much attached, and
has two healthy children.

At 10 or 12 years of age he had a frequent desire to be whipped,
his parents never having struck him, and on one occasion he asked
a brother to go with him to the closet to get him to whip him on
the posterior; but on arrival he was too shy to make the request.
He did not recognize the cause of these desires, knowing nothing
of such things except from the misinformation of his
school-fellows' talk. As far as he can remember, he was an
entirely normal, healthy boy up to the age of about 15, when his
attention was arrested by an advertisement of a quack medicine
for the results of "youthful excesses."

Being a city boy, he was unfamiliar with the coupling even of
animals, had never had a conscious erection and did not know of
frictional excitement. Experiment, however, resulted in an
orgasm, and, though believing that it was wicked or at least weak
and degrading, he indulged in masturbation at intervals, usually
about six times a month, and has continued even up to the
present.

He had an abnormally small opening in the prepuce, making the
uncovering of the glans almost impossible. (At the ag