t of a house is the rent paid for the ground
on which it stands, and this will be more nearly the true rent, apart
from interest. Similarly, the ordinary rent of a farm will usually
include interest upon the capital spent on the farm buildings, roads,
gates, fences, drains, and other improvements. We shall afterwards learn
exactly how true rent arises.

#41. The Capitalist's Share.# The proper share of the capitalist is
#interest#; but this is usually a good deal less than what actually
remains in the hands of the capitalist. Business is generally carried on
by some capitalist who rents a piece of land, builds a factory,
purchases machinery, and then employs men to work the machinery, paying
them wages. The capitalist himself often acts as manager, and works
every day almost as long as the workmen. When the goods are finished and
sold, he keeps the whole of the money he gets for them; but then he has
already paid out a large sum as wages, while the goods were being made;
another part goes to pay the rent of the land which he has hired.
Having struck off these portions, there ought to remain a certain
#profit#, part of which he uses to live upon. But even this profit
consists of more than interest upon his capital. It should include also
a payment for his labour in superintending the business. The manager of
a factory may seldom touch the cotton, flax, iron, or other material,
which is manufactured; nevertheless, he works with his head and his pen,
calculating the prices at which he can produce goods, inquiring where he
can buy the materials most cheaply, choosing good workmen, keeping the
accounts straight, and so on. Severe mental labour is really far more
difficult and exhausting than manual labour; and in raising up a good
business, and carrying it through times of danger, a manager has to
undergo great anxiety and mental fatigue. Thus, it is necessary that a
successful manager should receive a considerable share of the produce,
so as to make it worth his while to give this labour. His share is
called #the wages of superintendence#, and, although usually much larger
than the share of a common labourer, it is really wages of the same
nature.

Another part of the capitalist's so-called profit ought to be laid aside
as #recompense for risk#. There is always more or less uncertainty in
trade, and even the most skilful and careful manager may lose money by
circumstances over which he has no control. Sometimes, after buil