. read the _cum_ of Tac.
and Tor. for _cumini_, overlooking the fact that the
recipe later calls for Aethopian or Syrian cumin as
well. This shifts the weights of the various ingredients
from the one to the other, completely upsetting the
sense of the formula.

[2] Goll. ignores this passage completely.

V. This is another of the medical formulae that have
suffered much by experimentation and interpretation
through the ages. It seems to be an aromatic vinegar for
a salad dressing, and, as such, a very interesting
article, reminding of our present tarragon, etc.,
vinegars. To be used judiciously in salads.

Again, as might be expected, the medicinal character of
the formula inspires the medieval doctors to profound
meditation and lively debate.

Cf. {Rx} Nos. 34 and 108.

XIX

[112] CARDOONS
_CARDUI_

CARDOONS [are eaten with a dressing of] BRINY BROTH, OIL, AND CHOPPED
[hard] EGGS.

V. Precisely as we do today: French dressing and hard
boiled eggs. We do not forget pepper, of course. Perhaps
the ancient "briny broth" contained enough of this and
of other ingredients, such as fine condiments and spices
to make the dressing perfect.

[113] ANOTHER [Dressing for] CARDOONS
_ALITER CARDUOS_

RUE, MINT, CORIANDER, FENNEL--ALL GREEN--FINELY CRUSHED; ADD PEPPER,
LOVAGE, AND [1] BRINE AND OIL [2].

[1] Tac. and Tor. _vel._; List., Sch., G.-V.
_mel_--honey--which would spoil this fine _vinaigrette_
or cold _fines herbes dressing_. However, even nowadays,
sugar is quite frequently added to salad dressings.

[2] Gollmer claims that this dressing is served with
cooked cardoons, the recipe for which follows below.
This is wanting in Tor.

[114] BOILED CARDOONS
_ALITER CARDUOS ELIXOS_

[Are served with] PEPPER, CUMIN, BROTH AND OIL.

XX

[115] (COW-) PARSNIPS [?]
_SPONDYLI VEL FONDULI_ [1]

COW-PARSNIPS ARE FRIED [and eaten] WITH A SIMPLE WINE SAUCE.

[1] Tac. _Spondili uel fonduli_ and _Sphon ..._; Tor. as
above; Hum. _Spongioli uel funguli_; List., _id._; Sch.
_Sfondili uel funguli_; G.-V. _Sphondyli uel funduli_.

Cf. note to Nos. 46, 121, 122.

[116] ANOTHER WAY
_ALITER_

BOIL THE PARSNIPS IN SALT WATER [and season them] WITH PURE OIL [1],
CHOPPED GREEN CORIANDER AND WHOLE PEPPER.

[1] Tac. _Oleo mero_; Other editors: _Oleo, m