, M.D.

_New Orleans, July 19th, 1852._

APPENDIX.

NATURAL HISTORY OF THE PROGNATHOUS SPECIES OF MANKIND.

It is not intended by the use of the term Prognathous to call in
question the black man's humanity or the unity of the human races as a
_genus_, but to prove that the species of the genus homo are not a
unity, but a plurality, each essentially different from the others--one
of them being so unlike the other two--the oval-headed Caucasian and the
pyramidal-headed Mongolian--as to be actually prognathous, like the
brute creation; not that the negro is a brute, or half man and half
brute, but a genuine human being, anatomically constructed, about the
head and face, more like the monkey tribes and the lower order of
animals than any other species of the genus man. Prognathous is a
technical term derived from _pro_, before, and _gnathos_, the jaws,
indicating that the muzzle or mouth is anterior to the brain. The lower
animals, according to Cuvier, are distinguished from the European and
Mongol man by the mouth and face projecting further forward in the
profile than the brain. He expresses the rule thus: _face anterior,
cranium posterior_. The typical negroes of adult age, when tried by this
rule, are proved to belong to a different species from the man of Europe
or Asia, because the head and face are anatomically constructed more
after the fashion of the simiadiae and the brute creation than the
Caucasian and Mongolian species of mankind, their mouth and jaws
projecting beyond the forehead containing the anterior lobes of the
brain. Moreover, their faces are proportionally larger than their
crania, instead of smaller, as in the other two species of the genus
man. Young monkeys and young negroes, however, are not prognathous like
their parents, but become so as they grow older. The head of the infant
ourang outang is like that of a well formed Caucasian child in the
projection and hight of the forehead and the convexity of the vertea.
The brain appears to be larger than it really is, because the face, at
birth, has not attained its proportional size. The face of the Caucasian
infant is a little under its proportional size when compared with the
cranium. In the infant negro and ourang outang it is greatly so.
Although so much smaller in infancy than the cranium, the face of the
young monkey ultimately outgrows the cranium; so, also, does the face of
the young negro, whereas in the Caucasian, the face always