to give a proper compensation to
the respective provinces in North America, for the expenses incurred by
them in the levying, clothing, and paying of the troops raised by the
same, according to the active vigour and strenuous efforts of the
respective provinces shall be thought by his Majesty to merit, L133,333
6s. 8d."

The several provinces gratefully acknowledged the compensation granted
them; of which Massachusetts received the largest share.

This was the last practical recognition on the part of the British
Government of the loyal co-operation of the colonies in the war which
established the supremacy of Great Britain in North America. From that
time forward the instructions, regulations, and measures of the British
Government seem to have been dictated by a jealousy of the growing
wealth and power of the colonies, and to have been designed to weaken
the colonies in order to strengthen the parent state. The policy of the
British Administration was undoubtedly to extinguish all military spirit
in the colonies, by creating a standing army which the colonies were to
support, but wholly independent of them; to discountenance and forbid
colonial manufactures, so as to render the colonies entirely dependent
upon Great Britain for manufactured goods, hardware, and tools of every
description; to destroy their trade with foreign countries by virtually
prohibitory duties, so as to compel the colonies to go to the English
market for every article of grocery or luxury, in whatever climate or
country produced; to restrict the colonial shipping, as well as
productions, to British ports alone, and even to tax the trade of the
colonies with each other. All the monies arising from the various duties
thus imposed were to be paid, not into the provincial treasuries, as
heretofore, but into the English exchequer, and to be at the disposal of
the British Parliament.

Had the British Government regarded the colonists as Englishmen in their
rights and privileges as well as in their duties and obligations; had
the British policy been to develop the manufactures and resources of the
American colonies equally with those of England, and to leave to their
local Legislatures (the only Parliaments in which the colonists had
representation by their own election) to legislate on all purely
domestic matters, to dispose of all colonial revenues, and to provide
for their own protection, as before the war with France, and as is done
in the provin