1796, 1798, and 1799 repeated attempts to abolish the trade
were defeated. The matter then rested until 1804, when the
battle was renewed with more success.

[9] _Statute 46 George III._, ch. 52, 119; _47 George III._,
sess. I. ch. 36.

[10] Sparks, _Diplomatic Correspondence_, X. 154.

[11] Fox to Hartley, June 10, 1783; quoted in Bancroft,
_History of the Constitution of the United States_, I. 61.

[12] _Amer. State Papers, Foreign_, III. No. 214, p. 151.

[13] _British and Foreign State Papers_, 1815-6, pp. 886, 937
(quotation).

[14] _Ibid._, pp. 890-1.

[15] _British and Foreign State Papers_, 1815-6, p. 887.
Russia, Austria, and Prussia returned favorable replies:
_Ibid._, pp. 887-8.

[16] _Ibid._, p. 889.

[17] She desired a loan, which England made on this condition:
_Ibid._, pp. 921-2.

[18] _Ibid._, pp. 937-9. Certain financial arrangements
secured this concession.

[19] _Ibid._, pp. 939-75

[20] _Amer. State Papers, Foreign_, III. No. 271, pp. 735-48;
_U.S. Treaties and Conventions_ (ed. 1889), p. 405.

[21] This was inserted in the Treaty of Paris, Nov. 20, 1815:
_British and Foreign State Papers_, 1815-6, p. 292.

[22] _Ibid._, 1816-7, pp. 33-74 (English version, 1823-4, p.
702 ff.).

[23] Cf. _Ibid._, 1817-8, p. 125 ff.

[24] This was the first meeting of the London ministers of the
powers according to agreement; they assembled Dec. 4, 1817,
and finally called a meeting of plenipotentiaries on the
question of suppression at Aix-la-Chapelle, beginning Oct. 24,
1818. Among those present were Metternich, Richelieu,
Wellington, Castlereagh, Hardenberg, Bernstorff, Nesselrode,
and Capodistrias. Castlereagh made two propositions: 1. That
the five powers join in urging Portugal and Brazil to abolish
the trade May 20, 1820; 2. That the powers adopt the principle
of a mutual qualified Right of Search. Cf. _British and
Foreign State Papers_, 1818-9, pp. 21-88; _Amer. State Papers,
Foreign_, V. No. 346, pp. 113-122.

[25] For cases, see _1 Acton_, 240, the "Amedie," and _1
Dodson_, 81, the "Fortuna;" quoted in U.S. Reports, _10
Wheaton_, 66.

[26] Cf. the case of the French ship "Le Louis": _2 Dodson_,
238; and also the case of the "San Juan Nepomuceno": _1
Haggard_, 267.

[27] _British and Foreign State Pa