ops in that
country. According to an ancient MS. belonging to the former bishops of
St Andrews, and to be found in the "Life of William Wishart," one of
their number who lived in the thirteenth century, the first bishop
created in Scotland was elected in A.D. 270. See Jamieson's "Culdees,"
pp. 101, 101.

[561:1] Song of Solomon, vi. 9; Ps. xlv. 9. "Sub Apostolis nemo
Catholicus vocabatur.....Cum post Apostolos haereses extitissent,
diversisque nominibus columbam Dei atque reginam lacerare per partes et
scindere niterentur; nonno cognomen suum ecclesia postulabat, quae
incorrupti populi distingueret unitatem?"

[562:1] Pacian, "Epist. to Sympronian," secs. 5 and 8. Pacian is said to
have been bishop of Barcelona. He died A.D. 392.

[562:2] Epist. lxix. 265, 266.

[563:1] Justin Martyr, Opera, p. 99.

[563:2] According to the "Apostolic Constitutions" the deacons were not
at liberty to baptize. Lib. viii. c. 28.

[563:3] "De Baptismo," c. 17.

[563:4] Tertullian thus corroborates the testimony of Jerome.

[563:5] "In the sixth century the clergy of Italy complained to
Justinian that, _owing to the vacancy of sees_, 'an immense multitude of
people died without baptism.' Even so late as the time of Hinemar (the
ninth century) baptisms were still performed by the bishop, and _they
alone were considered canonical_."--_Palmer's Episcopacy Vindicated_, p.
35, note.

[564:1] "It appears to have been the custom at Rome and other places to
send from the cathedral church the bread consecrated to the several
parish churches."--_Stillingfleet's Irenicum_, pp. 369, 370.
"Thomassinus shown that in the fifth century the presbyters of Rome did
not consecrate the Eucharist in their respective churches, but it was
sent to them from the principal church."--_Palmer_, p. 35, note.

[564:2] Thus Rome is called the "principal Church" in regard to
Carthage. Cyprian, Epist. lv. p. 183.

[564:3] Tertullian apparently refers to this when he says--"Una omnes
probant unitate _communicatio pacis_ et appellatio fraternitatis, et
contesseratio hospitalitatis."--_De Praescrip_. c. 20.

[564:4] "Ecclesiis apostolicis matricibus et originalibus fidei."

[565:1] "Cathedrae apostolorum suis locis praesident." These words
clearly indicate that the Churches founded by the apostles were now
recognized as centres of unity for the surrounding Christian
communities.

[565:2] It is worthy of note that, in the second canonical epistle ever
written