each enumeration.

+------+---------------------+------+-----------------------+
| | Cost. | | Cost. |
| +----------+----------+ +------------+----------+
| Date.| Total in |Per Capita| Date.| Total in |Per Capita|
| | dollars. |in cents. | | dollars. |in cents. |
+------+----------+----------+------+------------+----------+
| 1790 | 44,377 | 1.12 | 1850 | 1,423,351 | 6.13 |
| 1800 | 66,109 | 1.24 | 1860 | 1,969,377 | 6.26 |
| 1810 | 178,445 | 2.46 | 1870 | 3,421,198 | 8.87 |
| 1820 | 208,526 | 2.16 | 1880 | 5,790,678 | 11.48 |
| 1830 | 378,545 | 2.94 | 1890 | 11,547,127 | 18.33 |
| 1840 | 833,371 | 4.88 | 1900 | 16,116,930 | 21.16 |
+------+----------+----------+------+------------+----------+

For the sake of comparison it may be stated that the per capita cost
of the English census of 1901 was 2.24 cents, or little more than
one-tenth that of the American census. This difference is due in part
to the greater scope and complexity of the American census, and in
part to the fact that in the United States the field work is done by
well-paid enumerators, while in England it is done in most cases by
the heads of families, who are not paid.

The course of events has clearly established the fact that the
authority of the Federal government in this field is greater than the
strict constructionists of a previous generation as represented by
General Walker in the passage already quoted believed it to be.
Decision after decision of individual instances has made it a settled
practice for the Federal government to co-operate with or to
supplement the state governments in the gathering of statistics that
may furnish a basis for state or Federal legislation. The law has
allowed the Federal census office in its discretion to compile and
publish the birth statistics of divisions in which they are accurately
kept; one Federal report on the statistics of marriages and divorces
throughout the country from 1867 to 1886 inclusive was published in
1889, and a second for the succeeding twenty-year period was published
in 1908-1909; an annual volume gives the statistics of deaths for
about half the population of the country, including all the states and
cities which have approximately complete records of deaths; Federal
ag