backfalls, roller-boards and trackers--is
now swept away, it is possible by placing the bellows in the cellar to
utilize the _inside of the organ_ for a choir-vestry, as was indeed
done with the pioneer Hope-Jones organ at St. John's Church, Birkenhead.

DIVISION OF ORGANS.

Before the invention of pneumatic and electro-pneumatic action, organs
were almost invariably constructed in a single mass. It was, it is
true, possible to find instruments with tracker action that were
divided and placed, say, half on either side of a chancel, but
instances of the kind were rare and it was well nigh impossible for
even a muscular organist to perform on such instruments.

The perfecting of tubular pneumatic and especially of electro-pneumatic
action has lent wonderful flexibility to the organ and has allowed of
instruments being introduced in buildings where it would otherwise have
been impossible to locate an organ. Almost all leading builders have
done work of this kind, but the Aeolian Company has been quickest to
seize the advantage of division in adapting the pipe organ for use in
private residences.

Sound reflectors have recently been introduced, and it seems likely
that these will play an important part in organ construction in the
future. So far they appear to be employed only by Hope-Jones and the
firms with which he was associated. It has been discovered that sound
waves may be collected, focussed or directed, much in the same way that
light waves can. In the case of the Hope-Jones organ at Ocean Grove,
N. J., the greatest part of the instrument has been placed in a
basement constructed outside the original Auditorium. The sound waves
are thrown upward and are directed into the Auditorium by means of
parabolic reflectors constructed of cement lined with wood. The effect
is entirely satisfactory. In Trinity Cathedral, Cleveland, Ohio,[6]
Hope-Jones arranged for the Tuba to stand in the basement at the
distant end of the nave. Its tone is directed to a cement reflector
and from that reflector is projected through a metal grid set in the
floor, till, striking the roof of the nave, it is spread and fills the
entire building with tone. In St. Luke's Church, Montclair, N. J., he
adopted a somewhat similar plan in connection with the open 38-foot
pedal pipes which are laid horizontally in the basement. We believe
that the first time this principle was employed was in the case of the
organ rebuilt by Hope-Jones