imply the liberation as well of the German people.

Therefore, under actual conditions, while nearly the whole of Europe is
at war, we may well raise our cry of horror and of protest; but our
protest strikes only those who desired the war, not those who submit to
it to defend themselves against oppression.

In this war is outlined on one side the defense of European reaction, on
the other the defense of all revolutions, past and future, brought about
by historical necessity stronger than the intentions of Governments. And
because of this we must confirm that there remains for us only one way
of being internationalists--namely, to declare ourselves loyally in
favor of whoever fights the empires of reaction, just as the Italian
Socialists residing in Paris have understood that one way only remains
to be anti-militarist--to arm and fight against the empires of
militarism.

This is our answer as Italian Socialists to the German Socialists.

* * * * *

[Illustration: KEIR HARDIE, M.P.,
British Representative International Socialist Bureau.]

BRITISH MANIFESTO.

Issued by Keir Hardie and Arthur Henderson, July 31.

The long-threatened European war is now upon us. For more than 100
years no such danger has confronted civilization. It is for you to
take full account of the desperate situation and to act promptly
and vigorously in the interest of peace. You have never been
consulted about the war.

Whatever may be the rights and wrongs of the sudden, crushing
attack made by the militarist Empire of Austria upon Servia, it is
certain that the workers of all countries likely to be drawn into
the conflict must strain every nerve to prevent their Governments
from committing them to war.

Everywhere Socialists and the organized forces of labor are taking
this course. Everywhere vehement protests are made against the
greed and intrigues of militarists and armament mongers.

We call upon you to do the same here in Great Britain upon an even
more impressive scale. Hold vast demonstrations against war in
every industrial centre. Compel those of the governing class and
their press who are eager to commit you to co-operate with Russian
despotism to keep silence and respect the decision of the
overwhelming majority of the people, who will have neither part nor
lot in such infamy. The suc