ss, "They don't want much; they get but little, and I
must see them."(3)

But there was another inspiration. His open doors enabled him to study
the American people, every phase of it, good and bad. "Men moving only
in an official circle," said he, "are apt to become merely official--not
to say arbitrary--in their ideas, and are apter and apter with each
passing day to forget that they only hold power in a representative
capacity. . . . Many of the matters brought to my notice are utterly
frivolous, but others are of more or less importance, and all serve
to renew in me a clearer and more vivid image of that great popular
assemblage out of which I sprung, and to which at the end of two years I
must return. . . . I call these receptions my public opinion baths; for
I have but little time to read the papers, and gather public opinion
that way; and though they may not be pleasant in all their particulars,
the effect as a whole, is renovating and invigorating to my perceptions
of responsibility and duty."(4)

He did not allow his patience to be abused with evil intent. He read his
suppliants swiftly. The profiteer, the shirk, the fraud of any sort,
was instantly unmasked. "I'll have nothing to do with this business," he
burst out after listening to a gentlemanly profiteer; "nor with any man
who comes to me with such degrading propositions. What! Do you take the
President of the United States to be a commission broker? You have come
to the wrong place, and for you and for every one who comes for the same
purpose, there is the door."(5)

Lincoln enjoyed this indiscriminate mixing with people. It was his chief
escape from care. He saw no reason why his friends should Commiserate
him because of the endless handshaking. That was a small matter compared
with the interest he took in the ever various stream of human types.
Sometimes, indeed, he would lapse into a brown study in the midst of
a reception. Then he "would shake hands with thousands of people,
seemingly unconscious of what he was doing, murmuring monotonous
salutations as they went by, his eye dim, his thoughts far withdrawn.
. . . Suddenly, he would see some familiar face--his memory for faces was
very good-and his eye would brighten and his whole form grow attentive;
he would greet the visitor with a hearty grasp and a ringing word
and dismiss him with a cheery laugh that filled the Blue Room with
infectious good nature."(6) Carpenter, the portrait painter, who for