le the teeth of the Hydnum. This is one of the most common
fungi in our woods.

The photograph is by Prof. J. D. Smith, of Akron, O.

_Fomes leucophaeus. Mont._

This has been called by many authors in America Fomes applanatus or
Polyporus applanatus. It is very common in this country but very rare in
Europe, while Fomes applanatus, which is common in Europe, is very
scarce in the United States. In general appearance they are much alike,
the applanatus having a softer tissue and echinulate spores, but our
common species, leucophaeus, has smooth spores.

The pileus is expanded, tuberculose, obsoletely zoned, pulverulent, or
smooth; cinnamon, becoming whitish; cuticle crustaceous, rigid, at
length fragile, very soft within; loosely floccose, margin tumid; white,
then cinnamon. The pores are very small, slightly ferruginous, orifice
whitish, brownish when bruised. The spore surface when fresh is soft and
white.

This attractive plant is very common in our woods and furnishes an
excellent stencil surface for drawing. Found all the year round.

_Fomes fomentarius. Fr._

THE BRACKET FOMES.

This species is very common in our woods. The brackets resemble a
horse's hoof in shape. They are smoky, gray, and of various shades of
brown. The upper surface of the bracket is quite strongly zoned and
furrowed, so as to show each year's growth. The margin is thick and
blunt, and the tube surface is concave; the openings of the tubes quite
large, so that they can be readily seen by the naked eye. The tube
surface is reddish-brown when mature. The inside was formerly used in
making tinder-sticks, which were made by rolling the fungus wood until
it was perfectly flexible and then dipping it into saltpetre.

_Fomes rimosus. Berkeley._

CRACKED FOMES.

[Illustration: Figure 347.--Fomes rimosus.]

Rimosus means cracked. The fine checks in the pileus are clearly seen in
the halftone.

The pileus is pulvinate-ungulate, much dilated, deeply sulcate;
cinnamon, then brown or blackish; very much cracked or rimose. It is
very hard, fibrous, tawny-ferruginous; the margin broad,
pruinate-velvety, rather acute.

The pores are minute, indistinctly stratified, tawny-ferruginous, the
mouths rhubarb-color. _Morgan._

This plant is very common on the locust trees about Chillicothe. I have
never found it on other wood.

_Fomes pinicola. (Swartz.) Fr._

[Illustration: Figure 348.--Fomes pinicola.]

Pinicola means dwelling on p