ly
outgrows the latter. The reverse is the case when Japanese heartnut,
Japanese butternut, or hybrids of either are grafted on the black.

So far I have not found one good butternut worthy of naming, but there
is one Japanese butternut that grows in clusters of 17 or even more that
has a very thin shell; it is the Helmick. I have, however, very many
named as well as unnamed black walnut seedlings that are very excellent
nuts.

This has been a very cold summer and I cannot state yet as to the
maturing of the larger black walnuts, as they require a long season to
mature properly. Pecan and hican trees grow well at Echo Valley and the
small twigs harden up so that there is never any winter killing but the
nuts do not fill well; in consequence I am using the trees as stocks for
grafting with good shagbarks. The Weiker hickory ripens nicely with me
and I consider it one of the best varieties in every way.

Self-fruitfulness in the Winkler Hazel

By Dr. A. S. Colby University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois

To insure fruitfulness in nut plants it is generally recommended that
more than one variety of each kind be planted in reasonably close
proximity to help in bringing about cross-pollination. Then, with other
conditions being favorable, the grower would be more certain of good
yields of well-filled nuts.

With specific reference to the filbert, the literature contains
references to the effect that provision for cross-pollination is
essential. However, one exception is listed. In the report of the
proceedings of the 26th (1935) annual meeting of the Northern Nut
Growers' Association, D. C. Snyder of Iowa says on page 47, "The
catkins of Winkler always come through the winter bright and the
variety can be depended upon to bear without other varieties near for
cross-pollination."

The writer has been interested in this subject for several years. The
question arises; how near were Mr. Snyder's Winklers to other varieties
and in what direction with reference to the prevailing winds? It is not
known just how far filbert pollen may be carried and still function. A
planting of Winkler filberts consisting of about 30 bushes was set on
the University Farm at Urbana in 1940. Crops have been borne annually
since that time. The planting was isolated from other filberts to the
southwest by about one-fourth of a mile.

In an effort to determine whether the variety was self-fruitful, plants
were dug in the early winter of