an, Tibetan tribal group, 171, 177, 205

Tu-ku, Turkish tribe, 124, 151

_T'u-shu chi-ch'eng_, encyclopaedia, 279

_tu-tu_, title, 174

T'u-yue-hun, Tibetan tribal federation, 130, 141, 169, 177

Tuan Ch'i-jui, president, 312

Tuemet, Mongol tribal group, 265

Tung Ch'i-ch'ang, painter, 255

T'ung-chien kang-mu, historical encyclopaedia, 43

T'ung-chih, reign period, 294

Tung Chung-shu, thinker, 80, 104

Tung Fu-hsiang, politician, 298

Tung-lin academy, 267

Tungus tribes, 11, 19, 117, 222, 229, 265
(_see_ Ju-chen, Po-hai, Manchu)

Tunhuang (Tun-huang), city, 85, 324

Turfan, city state, 245

Turgut, Mongol tribal federation, 283

Turkestan, 45, 60, 62, 85, 86 ff., 88, 95, 97, 99, 113, 114, 125,
127, 130, 132, 134, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 147, 159, 163,
176, 177, 178, 187, 220, 224, 241, 245, 259, 273, 277, 278,
282, 289, 293, 294
(_see_ Central Asia, Tarim, Turfan, Sinkiang, Khotan,
Ferghana, Samarkand, Khotcho, Tocharians, Yueeh-chih, Sogdians,
etc.)

Turkey, 259

Turks, 11, 15, 17, 25, 29, 30, 32, 35, 53, 57, 108, 109, 117, 119,
122, 127, 133, 135, 137, 140, 146 ff., 149 ff., 169 ff., 174,
176 ff., 179, 180, 181, 184, 185, 203, 206, 230, 282, 294, 329
(_see_ Goek Turks, T'u-chueeh, Toba, Toeloes, Ting-ling, Uighur,
Sha-t'o, etc.)

Tzu Hsi, empress, 294 ff., 296 ff.

Uighurs, Turkish federation, 171, 174, 176, 177, 178, 181, 185, 186
ff., 190, 233, 234, 278

United States, 287, 304, 309, 313, 322, 342
(_see_ America)

Ungern-Sternberg, general, 311

Urbanization, 31, 250
(_see_ City)

Urga, city, 310

University, 304-5, 306, 307, 318, 320

Usury, 94

Vagrants (_liu-min_), 198, 213

Vietnam, 330, 334
(_see_ Annam)

Village, 23;
Village commons, 94, 154

Vinaya Buddhism, 188

Voltaire, writer, 242

Walls, 57;
Great Wall, 57, 67, 256

Wan-li, reign period, 265, 266

_Wang (king), 38_

Wang An-shih, statesman, 215 ff., 217-18, 254

Wang Chen, eunuch, 260

Wang Ching-wei, collaborator, 315, 318

Wang Ch'ung, philosopher 104-5

Wang Hsien-chih, peasant leader, 189-90

Wang Kung, general, 158

Wang Mang, ruler, 92 ff., 97, 100, 101

Wang Shih-chen, writer, 255

Wang Shih-fu, writer, 242

Wang Tao-k'un, writer, 254

Wang Tun, rebel, 156-7

Wang Yang-ming, general and philosopher, 261 ff.

War, 82;
size of wars, 21, 53;
War-chariot, 25, 29, 30, 53;
cost of wars, 90;
War lords, 309 ff.;
Warrior-n