about Mount Rainier, in river bottoms, on the
banks of large streams, and in swampy places. It usually grows to a
height of 30 or 40 feet. The bark varies from nearly white to light
gray. It is the most abundant of all the deciduous trees in the park.

Black cottonwood (_Populus trichocarpa_) (fig. 25) is common from Alaska
to southern California. It is occasionally found in the park up to 4,000
feet. It grows along streams and on sandy river bottoms often associated
with the alder. The leaves are almost always in motion, very gentle
winds being sufficient to make them twinkle and turn.

The wood is soft, but tough and compact. It is used for staves,
woodenware, wood pulp, trunks, barrels, and for drawer bottoms.

FOOTNOTES

[1] This species is known as arbor vitae in Glacier Park.

[2] This species is known as silver fir in Crater Lake Park.

[3] This species is known as balsam in Glacier and Yellowstone Parks.

[4] This species is known as silver fir in Yellowstone and Glacier
Parks.

[5] This species is known as Oregon yew in Crater Lake National Park and
as yew in Yellowstone and Glacier Parks.

INDEX TO SPECIES DESCRIBED.

[Roman numerals indicate pages containing descriptions; italic numerals
indicate pages containing illustrations.]

_Abies amabilis_ 15-16, _15_, _16_
_grandis_ 20, _21_
_lasiocarpa_ 19-20, _19_
_nobilis_ 17-19, _17_, _18_

_Acer circinatum_ 30, _30_
_macrophyllum_ 29, _29_

Alder, red (_Alnus oregona_) 30, _31_

_Alnus oregona_ 30, _31_

Alpine fir (_Abies lasiocarpa_) 19-20, _19_

Amabilis fir (_Abies amabilis_) 15-16, _15_, _16_

Arbor vitae. _See_ Western red cedar.

Balsam. _See_ Alpine fir.

Black cottonwood (_Populus trichocarpa_) 30-32, _31_

Broadleaf maple (_Acer macrophyllum_) 29, _29_

Cedar, western red (_Thuja plicata_) 9-11, _10_

_Chamaecyparis nootkatensis_ 23-24, _23_

Cottonwood, black (_Populus trichocarpa_) 30-32, _31_

Cypress, yellow (_Chamaecyparis nootkatensis_) 23-24, _23_

Douglas fir (_Pseudotsuga taxifolia_) 6-8, _7_, _8_, _9_, _10_,
_12_, _13_

Engelmann spruce (_Picea engelmanni_) 20-23, _22_

Fir, alpine (_Abies lasiocarpa_) 19-20, _19_
amabilis (_Abies amabilis_) 15-16, _15_, _16_
Douglas (_Pseudotsuga taxifolia_) 6-8, _7_, _8_, _9_, _10_,
_12_, _13_
grand (_Abies grandis_) 20, _21_
noble (_Abies nobilis_) 17-19, _17_, _18_
silver. _See_ Fir