help in time of trouble, and then set loose again to live his life in
peace.

[Illustration]

[Illustration: XLV. The Bears at feeding time
_Photos by F. Jay Haynes_]

[Illustration: XLVI. (a) Tom Newcomb pointing out the bear's mark.
_Photo by E. T. Seton_
(b) E. T. Seton feeding a Bear. _Photo by C. B. Harmon_]

* * * * *

Appendix

Mammals of the Yellowstone Park

* * * * *

Appendix

Mammals of the Yellowstone Park

A LIST OF THE SPECIES FOUND IN THE PARK IN 1912

BY ERNEST THOMPSON SETON

_With assistance from the U. S. Biological Survey, and Colonel L. M.
Brett, in charge of the Park._

Elk or Wapiti (_Cervus canadensis_)
Abundant. By actual official count, and estimate of stray
bands, they number at least 35,000, of which about 5,000
winter in the Park.

Mule Deer or Rocky Mt. Blacktail (_Odocoileus heminus_)
Common. The official census gives their number at 400, of
which at least 100 winter about Fort Yellowstone.

Whitetail Deer (_Odocoileus virginianus macrourus_)
A few found about Gardiner, on Willow Creek, on Indian
Creek, at Crevasse Mt. and in Cottonwood Basin. The official
census gives their number at 100.

Moose (_Alces americanus_)
Formerly rare, now abundant in all the southerly third of
the Park. In 1897 they were estimated at 50. The official
census gives their number at 550 in 1912.

Antelope or Pronghorn (_Antilocapra americana_)
Formerly abundant, now rare; found only in broad open places
such as Lamar Valley, etc. Their numbers have shrunk from
many thousands in the '70's to about 1,500 in 1897, and 500
in 1912.

Mountain Sheep or Bighorn (_Ovis canadensis_)
Formerly rare, now common about Mt. Evarts, Mt. Washburn and
the western boundary. In 1897 there were about 100, perhaps
only 75; in 1912 they are reported numbering 210 by actual
count.

American Buffalo or Bison (_Bison bison_)
Steadily increasing. In 1897 there were about 30; they now
number 199 by actual count. These are in two herds, of 49
wild, and 150 in the fenced corrals.

Richardson Red-squirrel (_Sciurus hudsonicus richardsoni_)
Abundant in all pine woods.

Northern Chipmunk (_Eutamias quadrivittatus luteiventris_)
Extremely abundant everywhere.

Least Chipmunk (_Eutamias minimus pictus_)
Common ab