o controlled it through a tyrant. In 243 Corinth
was freed by Aratus and incorporated into the Achaean league. After a
short Spartan occupation in 224 it was again surrendered to Macedonia.
T. Quinctius Flamininus, after proclaiming the liberty of Greece at the
Isthmus, restored Corinth to the league (196). With the revival of its
political and commercial importance the city became the centre of
resistance against Rome. In return for the foolish provocation of war in
146 B.C. the Roman conquerors despoiled Corinth of its art treasures and
destroyed the entire settlement: the land was partly made over to Sicyon
and partly became public domain.

In 46 Julius Caesar repeopled Corinth with Italian freedmen and
dispossessed Greeks. Under its new name _Laus Julii_ and an Italian
constitution it rapidly recovered its commercial prosperity. Augustus
made it the capital of Achaea; Hadrian enriched it with public works.
Its prosperity, as also its profligacy, is attested by the New
Testament, by Strabo and Pausanias. After the Gothic raids of 267 and
395 Corinth was secured by new fortifications at the Isthmus. Though
restricted to the citadel, the medieval town became the administrative
and ecclesiastical capital of Peloponnesus, and enjoyed a thriving trade
and silk industry until in 1147 it was sacked by the Normans. In 1210 it
was joined to the Latin duchy of the Morea, and subsequently was
contended for by various Italian pretenders. Since the Turkish conquest
(1459) the history of Corinth has been uneventful, save for a raid by
the Maltese in 1611 and a Venetian occupation from 1687 to 1715.

AUTHORITIES.--Strabo, pp. 378-382; Pausanias ii. 1-4; Curtius,
_Peloponnesos_ (Gotha, 1851), ii., 514-556; E. Wilisch, _Die
Altkorinthische Thonindustrie_ (Leipzig, 1892) and _Geschichte
Korinth's_ (1887, 1896, 1901); G. Gilbert, _Griechische
Staatsaltertumer_ (Leipzig, 1885), li. pp. 87-91. (M. O. B. C.)

II. _Archaeology and Modern Town._--The modern town of New Corinth, the
head of a district in the province of Corinth (pop. 71,229), is situated
on the Isthmus of Corinth near the south-eastern recess of the Gulf of
Corinth, 3-1/2 m. N.E. from the site of the ancient city. It was founded
in 1858, when Old Corinth was destroyed by an earthquake. It is
connected by railway with Athens (57 m.), with Patras (80 m.), and with
Nauplia (40 m.), the capital of Argolis. Communication by sea with
Athens, Patras, the Ionian Isla