harvest in the Fall
and would find it more convenient to do the planting in the
Spring. If there is any doubt as to the best time to plant,
let it be in the Spring."

[Illustration: THIRTY YEAR OLD PARENT ENGLISH WALNUT TREES IN
BACKGROUND, YOUNG BEARING TREE IN FRONT]

[Sidenote: =Fertilizing=]

We now come to the subject of fertilization. Up to the time when
the young trees come into bearing, cultivation and fertilization
will help them enormously, the cultivation keeping the soil in
condition to hold the moisture of the tree. In fertilizing, a
mulch of stable manure in the Fall is considered by most growers
to be the best, but the following preparation is thought to be
exceptionally good for all young orchards:

Dried blood, 1,000 pounds; bone meal, 550 pounds; sulphate of
potash, 350 pounds. Total, 2,000 pounds. This should be applied
close up and about the tree, extending out each year in a circle
somewhat beyond the spread of the branches.

This provides a quickly available plant food, rich in nitrogen
and especially recommended for rapid growth.

After the tap-root reaches the sub-soil moisture it is well able
to take care of the tree; and both cultivation and fertilization
may then be stopped. In fact, by this time practically no further
care is needed in the nut orchard with the exception of that
required at the harvesting time, and this is a pleasant and easy
occupation, especially in the Northern and Eastern states where
the frost opens the shuck and the nuts drop free upon the ground
where they may be picked up and put into sacks of 110 to 120
pounds each, ready for the market.

Just before the first frost it is a very good idea to remove all
leaves from the ground so that when the nuts fall they can be
readily seen and gathered. An excellent method of accomplishing
this is by means of a horse and rake. The nuts may be left on the
ground to dry or may be removed to any convenient place for that
purpose.

[Sidenote: =The Different Kinds=]

There are three distinct kinds of English Walnuts--hard-shell,
soft-shell and paper-shell, the soft-shell being the best. Each
of these three is divided into a number of varieties, the names
of some of the more popular ones being the Barthere, Chaberte,
Cluster, Drew, Ford, Franquette, Gant or Bijou, Grand Noblesse,
Lanfray, Mammoth, Mayette, Wiltz Mayette, Mesange, Meylan,
Mission, Parisienne, Poorman, Proeparturiens, Santa Barbara,
Pomeroy, Se