per, gold, zinc, lead, uranium;
cattle, processed fish, karakul skins

Exports--partners: UK 38%, South Africa 24%, Spain 12%, Japan 7%
(1996 est.)

Imports: $1.48 billion (f.o.b., 1998 est.)

Imports--commodities: foodstuffs; petroleum products and fuel,
machinery and equipment, chemicals

Imports--partners: South Africa 87%, Germany, US, Japan (1995 est.)

Debt--external: $315 million (1996 est.)

Economic aid--recipient: $127 million (1998)

Currency: 1 Namibian dollar (N$) = 100 cents

Exchange rates: Nambian dollars (N$) per US$1--5.98380 (January
1999), 5.52828 (1998), 4.60796 (1997), 4.29935 (1996), 3.62709
(1995), 3.55080 (1994)

Fiscal year: 1 April--31 March

Communications

Telephones: 89,722 (1992 est.)

Telephone system:
domestic: good urban services; fair rural service; microwave radio
relay links major towns; connections to other populated places are
by open wire
international: NA
note: a fully automated digital network is being implemented

Radio broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 40, shortwave 0

Radios: 195,000 (1992 est.)

Television broadcast stations: 8 (of which five are main stations
and three are low-power stations; there are also about 20 low-power
repeaters) (1997)

Televisions: 27,000 (1993 est.)

Transportation

Railways:
total: 2,382 km
narrow gauge: 2,382 km 1.067-m gauge; single track (1995)

Highways:
total: 64,799 km
paved: 7,841 km
unpaved: 56,958 km (1996 est.)

Ports and harbors: Luderitz, Walvis Bay

Merchant marine: none

Airports: 135 (1998 est.)

Airports--with paved runways:
total: 22
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 15
914 to 1,523 m: 3 (1998 est.)

Airports--with unpaved runways:
total: 113
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 20
914 to 1,523 m: 70
under 914 m: 21 (1998 est.)

Military

Military branches: National Defense Force (Army), Police

Military manpower--availability:
males age 15-49: 380,528 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 228,225 (1999 est.)

Military expenditures--dollar figure: $90 million (FY97/98)

Military expenditures--percent of GDP: 2.6% (FY97/98)

Transnational Issues

Disputes--international: quadripoint with Botswana, Zambia, and
Zimbabwe is in disagreement; dispute with Botswana over uninhabited
Kasikili (Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River is