anifests a disposition to restore
all our rights as a sovereign State._" That sentence will forever stand
as a model of cool arrogance, and yet it is in full accord with the
spirit of the South-Carolinians. He continues:--"Above all, let us stand
by our State,--all the sacred ties that bind us to her are intensified
by her suffering and desolation.... It only remains for me, in bidding
you farewell, to say, that, whenever the State needs my services, she
has only to command, and I shall obey." The war has taught this people
only that the physical force of the nation cannot be resisted. They will
be obedient to the letter of the law, perhaps, but the whole current of
their lives flows in direct antagonism to its spirit.

In Georgia there is something worse than sham Unionism or cold
acquiescence in the issue of battle: it is the universally prevalent
doctrine of the supremacy of the State. Even in South Carolina a few men
stood up against the storm, and now claim credit for faith in dark days.
In Georgia that man is hopelessly dead who doubted or faltered. The
common sense of all classes pushes the necessity of allegiance to the
State into the domain of morals as well as into that of politics; and he
who did not "go with the State" in the Rebellion is held to have
committed the unpardonable sin. At Macon I met a man who was one of the
leading Unionists in the winter of 1860-61. He told me how he suffered
then for his hostility to Secession, and yet he added,--"I should have
considered myself forever disgraced, if I hadn't heartily gone with the
State, when she decided to fight." And Ben Hill, than whom there are but
few more influential men in the State, advises the people after this
fashion,--"I would vote for no man who could take the Congressional
test-oath, because it is the highest evidence of infidelity to the
people of the State." I believe it is the concurrent testimony of all
careful travellers in Georgia, that there is everywhere only cold
toleration for the idea of national sovereignty, very little hope for
the future of the State as a member of the Federal Union, and scarcely
any pride in the strength and glory and renown of the United States of
America.

Much is said of the hypocrisy of the South. I found but little of it
anywhere. The North-Carolinian calls himself a Unionist, but he makes no
special pretence of love for the Union. He desires many favors, but he
asks them generally on the ground that he ha