field, and obliged them again to shelter in woods and
morasses; and by these promising enterprises he gave new life to the
Queen's authority throughout the island."

Tyrone, however, still boasted that he was certain of receiving the
promised aid from Spain; "and everything was put in condition for
resisting the Spanish invasion, which was daily expected. The deputy,
informed of the danger to which the southern provinces were exposed,
left the prosecution of the war against Tyrone, who was now reduced to
great extremities, and marched with his army into Munster."

"At last the Spaniards, under Don Juan d'Aquila, arrived at Kinsale;
and Sir Richard Piercy, who commanded in the town with a small garrison
of one hundred and fifty men, found himself obliged to abandon it on
their appearance. These invaders amounted to four thousand, and the
Irish discovered a strong propensity to join them, in order to free
themselves from the English government, with which they were extremely
discontented. One chief ground of their complaint was the introduction
of trials by jury,[25] an institution abhorred by that people, though
nothing contributes more to the support of that equity and liberty for
which the English laws are so justly celebrated. The Irish also bore a
great favour to the Spaniards, having entertained the opinion that they
themselves were descended from that nation; and their attachment to the
Catholic religion proved a new cause of affection for the invaders.
D'Aquila assumed the title of general in this '_holy war_,' for the
preservation of the faith in Ireland; and he endeavoured to persuade the
people that Elizabeth was, by several bulls of the Pope, deprived of her
crown; that her subjects were absolved from their oaths of religion, and
that the Spaniards were come to deliver the Irish from the dominion of
the devil.[26] Mountjoy found it necessary to act with vigour, in order
to prevent a total insurrection of the Irish; and having collected his
forces, he formed the siege of Kinsale by land, while Sir Richard
Levison, with a small squadron, blockaded it by sea. He had no sooner
begun his operations than he heard of the arrival of another body of two
thousand Spaniards under the command of Alphonso Ocampo, who had taken
possession of Baltimore and Berehaven; and he was obliged to detach Sir
George Carew to oppose their progress. Tyrone, meanwhile, with Randal,
MacSurley Tirel, Baron of Kelly, and other chieftains of