) The Kalpatitas are subdivided into--(a) the Graiveyakas, living on the
upper part of the universe; and (b) the Anuttaras or those above whom
there are no others.

(a) The Graiveyakas are of nine species, viz.--

1. Sudarsa[n.]as;
2. Supratipandhas;
3. Ma[n.]oramas;
4. Sarvabhadras;
5. Suvi['s]alas;
6. Soma[n.]asas;
7. Suma[.n]kasas;
8. Priya[.n]karas;
9. Adityas or Nandikaras.

(b) the Anuttara gods are of five orders: viz.--

1. Vijayas;
2. Vaijayantas;
3. Jayantas;
4. Aparajitas; and
5. Sarvarthasiddhas.

[Footnote: Conf. _Ratnasagara_, bh. II, pp. 616, 617; _Jour.
Asiat._ IXme Ser. tome XIX, p. 259; _Sac. Bks. E_. vol. XLV, p.
226 f. See also _Rev. de l'Histoire des Relig_. tom. XLVII, pp.
34-50, which has appeared since the above was written, for "La doctrine
des etres vivants dans la Religion Jaina".]

These Anuttara gods inhabit the highest heavens where they live for
varying lengths of time as the heavens ascend; and in the fifth or
highest--the great Vimana called Sarvarthasiddha--they all live
thirty-three Sagaropamas or periods of unimagiable duration. Still all the
gods are mortal or belong to the _sa[.m]sara_.

Above these is the paradise of the Siddhas or perfected souls, and the
_Uttaradhyana Sutra_ gives the following details of this realm of the
perfected, or the paradise of the Jainas:--[Footnote: See _ante_, p.
11, note 10; The following extract is from _Sac. Books of the East_,
vol. XLV, pp. 211-213.]

"The perfected souls are those of women, men, hermaphrodites, of
orthodox, heterodox, and householders. Perfection is reached by people
of the greatest, smallest and middle size; [Footnote: The greatest
size--_ogaha[n.]a_--of men is 500 dhanush or 2000 cubits, the
smallest is one cubit.] on high places, underground, on the surface of
the earth, in the ocean, and in waters (of rivers, etc.).

"Ten hermaphrodites reach perfection at the same time, twenty women,
one hundred and eight men; four householders, ten heterodox, and one
hundred and eight orthodox monks.

"Two individuals of the greatest size reach perfection
(simultaneously), four of the smallest size, and one hundred and eight
of the middle size. Four individuals reach perfection (simultaneously)
on high places, two in the ocean, three in water, twenty underground;
and where do they go on reaching perfection? Perfected souls are
debarred from the