piapo--Rain and Earthquakes--Hydrophobia--The
Despoblado--Indian ruins--Probable change of climate--
River-bed arched by an earthquake--Cold gales of wind--Noises
from a hill--Iquique--Salt alluvium--Nitrate of soda--
Lima--Unhealthy country--Ruins of Callao, overthrown by an
earthquake--Recent subsidence--Elevated shells on San
Lorenzo, their decomposition--Plain with embedded shells and
fragments of pottery--Antiquity of the Indian Race.

CHAPTER XVII.

Galapagos Archipelago--The whole group volcanic--Number of
craters--Leafless bushes--Colony at Charles Island--James
Island--Salt-lake in crater--Natural history of the group--
Ornithology, curious finches--Reptiles--Great tortoises,
habits of--Marine lizard, feeds on seaweed--Terrestrial
lizard, burrowing habits, herbivorous--Importance of reptiles
in the Archipelago--Fish, shells, insects--Botany--American
type of organisation--Differences in the species or races on
different islands--Tameness of the birds--Fear of man an
acquired instinct.

CHAPTER XVIII.

Pass through the Low Archipelago--Tahiti--Aspect--
Vegetation on the mountains--View of Eimeo--Excursion into
the interior--Profound ravines--Succession of waterfalls--
Number of wild useful plants--Temperance of the inhabitants--
Their moral state--Parliament convened--New Zealand--Bay of
Islands--Hippahs--Excursion to Waimate--Missionary
establishment--English weeds now run wild--Waiomio--Funeral
of a New Zealand woman--Sail for Australia.

CHAPTER XIX.

Sydney--Excursion to Bathurst--Aspect of the woods--Party
of natives--Gradual extinction of the aborigines--Infection
generated by associated men in health--Blue Mountains--View
of the grand gulf-like valleys--Their origin and formation--
Bathurst, general civility of the lower orders--State of
Society--Van Diemen's Land--Hobart Town--Aborigines all
banished--Mount Wellington--King George's Sound--Cheerless
aspect of the country--Bald Head, calcareous casts of branches
of trees--Party of natives--Leave Australia.

CHAPTER XX.

Keeling Island--Singular appearance--Scanty Flora--
Transport of seeds--Birds and insects--Ebbing and flowing
springs--Fields of dead coral--Stones transported in the
roots of trees--Great crab--Stinging corals--