Ghibellines were driven out of Bologna._

Sec. 84.--_How there arose in Lombardy one Fra Dolcino with a great
company of heretics, and how they were burnt._

[Sidenote: 1305 A.D.]

[Sidenote: Inf. xxviii. 55-60.]

In the said year 1305, in the territory of Novara in Lombardy, there
was one Frate Dolcino, which was not a brother of any regular Order,
but as it were a monk outside the Orders, and he rose up and led
astray a great company of heretics, men and women of the country and
of the mountains, of small account; and the said Fra Dolcino taught
and preached that he was a true apostle of Christ, and that everything
ought to be held lovingly in common, and women also were to be in
common, and there was no sin in so using them. And many other foul
articles of heresy he preached, and maintained that the Pope and
cardinals and the other rulers of Holy Church did not observe their
duty nor the evangelic life; and that he ought to be made Pope. And
he, with a following of more than 3,000 men and women, abode in the
mountains, living in common after the manner of beasts; and when they
wanted victuals they took and robbed wherever they could find any; and
thus he reigned for two years. At last those which followed the said
dissolute life, becoming weary of it, his sect diminished much, and
through want of victuals and by reason of the snow he was taken by the
Navarese and burnt, with Margaret his companion, and with many other
men and women which with him had been led astray.

[Sidenote: 1306 A.D.]

Sec. 85.--_How Pope Clement sent as legate into Italy Cardinal Napoleone
of the Orsini, and how he was ill received._ Sec. 86.--_How the
Florentines besieged and took the strong castle of Montaccianico and
dismantled it, and caused Scarperia to be built._ Sec. 87.--_How the
Florentines strengthened the Popolo, and chose the first executor of
the Ordinances of Justice._

Sec. 88.--_Of the great war which was begun against the marquis of
Ferrara, and how he died._

[Sidenote: Inf. xii. 112; xviii. 55-57. Purg. v. 73-78. xx. 79-81. De
Vulg. El. I. 12: 38; II. 6: 42-44.]

[Sidenote: 1306 A.D.]

In the said year 1306, the Veronese, Mantuans, and Brescians made a
league together, and declared a great war against the Marquis Azzo of
Este, which was lord of Ferrara, because they feared that he was
desirous to be lord over Lombardy, forasmuch as he had taken to wife a
daughter of King Charles; and they overran his places