e his
_status_, whether slave or free? If negroes emancipated in insurrectionary
States are sold as slaves into Border States, or into excepted parishes or
counties, can we expect to trace the transaction? If slaves owned in
Border States, or in excepted parishes or counties, are sold to loyal men
in insurrectionary States, are they still slaves? or do they become free?
Are we to admit, or to deny, the constitutionality of Border-State laws,
which arrest, and imprison as vagrants, and sell into slavery to pay
expenses of arrest and imprisonment, free negro emigrants from
insurrectionary States?[11] But why multiply instances? The longer this
twilight of groping transition lasts, it will be only confusion the worse
confounded.

[Footnote 11: If, hereafter, Attorney-General Bates's decision,
that a free negro is a citizen, be sustained by the Supreme Court,
then, should the question come up before it, the State laws above
referred to will be declared unconstitutional. But meanwhile they
have not been so declared, and are in force.

The negro-excluding laws of Indiana and Illinois are in the same
category.]

We cannot stand still. Shall we recede? We break faith solemnly plighted;
we submit, before the world, to base humiliation; we bow down to a system
which the voice of all Christendom condemns; we abandon the struggle for
nationality, and consent, for ages, perhaps, to a dismembered country.
Shall we advance? There is but one path--the plain, truth-lighted, onward
path--to victory and to peace.

* * * * *

REVIEWS AND LITERARY NOTICES.

_Substance and Shadow: or, Morality and Religion in their Relation to
Life._ An Essay on the Physics of Creation. By HENRY JAMES. Boston:
Ticknor & Fields.

Any one tolerably conversant with either the religion or the philosophy of
the last twenty-five years, as displayed in the current literature, must
have been convinced that both had left their ancient moorings, never again
to find them, and were floating about perilously in quest of a new
anchorage. We read the "Essays and Reviews" and "The Pentateuch and the
Book of Joshua critically Examined," and the replications long-drawn-out
from High Church and Low, with a decided impression that the combatants
are skirmishing on an immense ice-field, which is drifting them all
together into other and unknown seas. What cares any man profoundly
conscious of the wan