s, hang by the legs and whirl the
body rapidly with the same bewildering result....

A habit common to many spiders, especially among the Epeiridae, is that
of dropping to the ground at the approach of danger and resting
motionless among the dirt, sticks, leaves, etc., which they resemble
in color. The holding of the body in some peculiar position, as in
Uloborus, Hyptioides, and the flower-like Thomisidae, is a
necessary accompaniment to the color modification.

The cocoons of spiders are seldom left exposed and unprotected. We
find them in corners and crevices, concealed in rolled up leaves or
under bark. Very often the cocoon itself is covered over with a sheet
of web. In some families the mother carries it about with her attached
to the underside of the abdomen. In other she carries it in her falces
until the young are hatched. The cocoons of others, as Uloborus,
Argyrodes, etc., while hung out in the web are still concealed by
deceptive form and color, or by being covered with rubbish.

Cambridge speaks of A. brunnea, whose cocoons "are covered over very
soon after they are made and the eggs deposited in them, with a
coating of clay, which effectually destroys all their form and beauty.
This coating of clay answers probably two ends: first, the concealment
of the cocoon and its protection from insect enemies; and, secondly,
the protection of the eggs from the too powerful rays of the sun, dry
clay being (as is well known) one of the best non-conductors of heat."

The peculiar cocoon of C. bisaccata is described by Emerton as
follows: "Only one specimen of this (_bisaccata_) was found on a beech
tree at New Haven with two cocoons. These were dark brown, as dark as
the bark of the tree and as hard. Around the middle of each was a
circle of irregular points. One of the cocoons was attached by a
strong stem to the bark, and the other was attached in a similar way
to the first cocoon. The spider held on to one of the cocoons." In
this instance the egg has evidently the same protection as that
possessed by the gray, bark-haunting spiders, with the added advantage
of hardness.

The habit of distributing the eggs through a number of cocoons made at
intervals of several days, is protective. In this way, although one or
two of the cocoons may be pierced by the ichneumon, there is a chance
that part of the brood may survive.

INDIRECT PROTECTION.--The indirectly protected group includes
those spiders which are rendered