andoned. The middle tier of rooms rose to a height of three stories;
the others were but two stories high. It is also probable that the
building was enlarged after being once completed and occupied. At one
time it probably consisted of four rooms on the ground plan, each two
stories high. The northern tier, of rooms was added afterward, and
probably also the third room in the central tier.

The Casa Grande was undoubtedly built and occupied by a branch of the
Pueblo race, or by an allied people. Who these people were it is
impossible to determine finally from the examination of one ruin, but
all the evidence at hand suggests that they were the ancestors of the
present Pima Indians, now found in the vicinity and known to have
formerly been a pueblo-building tribe. This conclusion is supported by
the Pima traditions, as collected by Mr. Bandelier, who is intimately
acquainted with the documentary history of the southwest, and whose
knowledge of the Pima traditions is perhaps greater than that of anyone
else now living. In his various writings he hints at this connection,
and in one place he declares explicitly that the Casa Grande is a Pima
structure. None of the internal evidence of the ruin is at variance with
this conclusion. On the contrary, the scanty evidence is in accord with
the hypothesis that the Casa Grande was erected and occupied by the
ancestors of the Pima Indians.

INDEX

Adobe defined 309
Age of Casa Grande 299, 318

Bandelier, A. F., Description of Casa Grande by 297
Pima Casa-Grande tradition by 319
Bartlett, J. R., cited 296, 297

Casa Grande, Masonry of 306
Chichilticale, Description of 295
Cushing, F. H., Allusion by, to Casa Grande 297
southwestern sun-temples 305

Defensive motive of Casa Grande 307
Depressions, Artificial, at Casa Grande 303
Dimensions of Casa Grande 307
Doorways in Casa Grande 314

Emory, W. H., Visit of, to Casa Grande 297

Fewkes, J. W., Description of Casa Grande by 298
Floors of Casa Grande 311
Font, Pedro, Account of Casa Grande by