actic acid bacilli
(Bulgarian culture). This prevents the coagulation of the casein into
tough curds. Lactose buttermilk or lactic acid milk is used in the
feeding of infants who have persistent green stools, and in cases of
acute toxic diarrhea brought about through the action of gas bacillus.

Buttermilk is more difficult to administer to babies than formulas
made from plain milk by reason of its flavor. However, the results are
remarkable in the above-mentioned conditions.

~"Eiweissmilch"~ is used in atrophic cases where there are bad green
stools.

~"Homogenized Milk."~--Dr. Ladd of the Children's Hospital in Boston
has presented many cases of infants who showed an intolerance for
butter fat. These cases he has treated with formulas containing
foreign fat, usually olive oil. This milk is subjected to a treatment
which brings about a more complete emulsification of the fat than is
possible in cow's milk, causing it to resemble in character the
quality of the mother's milk. Homogenized milk has been used with
success in cases where it was impossible to supply the infant with
breast milk.

The process is accomplished by the use of an apparatus known as an
"homogenizer"[72]; in this machine the fat globule is crushed and so
finely divided as to prevent its re-formation. The greatest drawback
to the use of this process lies in the scarcity of available machines.
Cod liver oil is now used in many cases where the infant shows a
failure to gain or is in possible danger of developing rickets, with
the homogenizer it is possible to add the oil to the formula, thus
facilitating its use.

~Technique of Milk Modification.~--The absolute necessity for
cleanliness has already been dwelt upon in respect to milk, and in
infant feeding the vigilance which must be observed in the preparation
of the food cannot be too strongly emphasized. The milk itself must be
of known purity. Where there is any uncertainty about its source, it
must be sterilized or pasteurized according to the doctor's orders.
The bottles and nipples should be washed as soon as they are used,
first with plain water to remove the milk, then with soapsuds and a
bottle brush. The bottles should then be filled with boric acid or
bicarbonate of soda solution until needed, when they should be emptied
and placed in a deep pan filled with cold water and allowed to boil
for a few minutes. They should not be taken from the water until they
are to be filled with the mi