inland, and thus is found
only in the eastern half of Sumatra, where alone such forests occur,
though, occasionally, it strays over to the western side.

On the other hand, it is generally distributed through Borneo, except in
the mountains, or where the population is dense. In favourable places,
the hunter may, by good fortune, see three or four in a day.

(FIGURE 9.--An adult male Orang-utan, after Muller and Schlegel.)

Except in the pairing time, the old males usually live by themselves.
The old females, and the immature males, on the other hand, are often
met with in twos and threes; and the former occasionally have young
with them, though the pregnant females usually separate themselves, and
sometimes remain apart after they have given birth to their offspring.
The young Orangs seem to remain unusually long under their mother's
protection, probably in consequence of their slow growth. While
climbing, the mother always carries her young against her bosom, the
young holding on by his mother's hair.* ([Footnote] *See Mr. Wallace's
account of an infant "Orang-utan," in the 'Annals of Natural History'
for 1856. Mr. Wallace provided his interesting charge with an artificial
mother of buffalo-skin, but the cheat was too successful. The infant's
entire experience led it to associate teats with hair, and feeling
the latter, it spent its existence in vain endeavours to discover
the former.) At what time of life the Orang-Utan becomes capable of
propagation, and how long the females go with young, is unknown, but it
is probable that they are not adult until they arrive at ten or fifteen
years of age. A female which lived for five years at Batavia, had not
attained one-third the height of the wild females. It is probable that,
after reaching adult years, they go on growing, though slowly, and that
they live to forty or fifty years. The Dyaks tell of old Orangs, which
have not only lost all their teeth, but which find it so troublesome to
climb, that they maintain themselves on windfalls and juicy herbage.

The Orang is sluggish, exhibiting none of that marvellous activity
characteristic of the Gibbons. Hunger alone seems to stir him to
exertion, and when it is stilled, he relapses into repose. When the
animal sits, it curves its back and bows its head, so as to look
straight down on the ground; sometimes it holds on with its hands by
a higher branch, sometimes lets them hang phlegmatically down by its
side--and in these p