shed in the Philosophical Transactions of 1860, which, in addition
to researches made in the valley of the Somme, contained an account of
similar phenomena presented by the valley of the Waveney, near Hoxne, in
Suffolk. Mr. Evans communicated to the Society of Antiquaries a memoir
on the character and geological position of the 'Flint Implements in the
Drift,' which appeared in the Archaeologia for 1860. The results arrived
at by Mr. Prestwich were expressed as follows:

"First. That the flint implements are the result of design and the work
of man.

"Second. That they are found in beds of gravel, sand, and clay, which
have never been artificially disturbed.

"Third. That they occur associated with the remains of land,
fresh-water, and marine testacea, of species now living, and most of
them still common in the same neighborhood, and also with the remains of
various mammalia--a few species now living, but more of extinct forms.

"Fourth. That the period at which their entombment took place was
subsequent to the bowlder-clay period, and to that extent post-glacial;
and also that it was among the latest in geological time--one apparently
anterior to the surface assuming its present form, so far as it regards
some of the minor features."(6)

These reports brought the subject of the very significant human fossils
at Abbeville prominently before the public; whereas the publications of
the original discoverer, Boucher de Perthes, bearing date of 1847, had
been altogether ignored. A new aspect was thus given to the current
controversy.

As Dr. Falconer remarked, geology was now passing through the same
ordeal that astronomy passed in the age of Galileo. But the times were
changed since the day when the author of the Dialogues was humbled
before the Congregation of the Index, and now no Index Librorum
Prohibitorum could avail to hide from eager human eyes such pages of
the geologic story as Nature herself had spared. Eager searchers were
turning the leaves with renewed zeal everywhere, and with no small
measure of success. In particular, interest attached just at this
time to a human skull which Dr. Fuhlrott had discovered in a cave at
Neanderthal two or three years before--a cranium which has ever since
been famous as the Neanderthal skull, the type specimen of what modern
zoologists are disposed to regard as a distinct species of man, Homo
neanderthalensis. Like others of the same type since discovered at Spy,
it is