ield aperture, 72, 100
---- in telling male and female registers, 90

Experiments, Marshall on animals, 39
----, Mueller on dissected larynges, 7, 96
----, pressing shield to test pitch, 71
----, Spirometer, 20
----, Violin tone, 57
----, whisper and feel voice-box, 70
---- with laryngoscope, 76, 92
---- with mirror, for nasal tone, 60

Falsetto register neglected, 4, 6

Female and male minstrels, 15
---- voice spoilt by tenor pattern, 2

Foulis' laryngoscope, 78

French singers subject to tremolo, 20

Garcia and the laryngoscope, 74
---- on forced registers, 96

Garrett, error in describing glottis, 45
---- on a blackbird's larynx, 40
---- on differences in larynges, 64

Glogg-ner-Castelli on chest voice, 5

Glottis, Chink of the, 45, 81
----, Defects to avoid, 112
---- in producing sound, 46
---- in repose, 46
---- in respiration, 46
----, Shock of the, 83
----, sphincter muscle, 44

Heart, 11

Helmholtz on whispered vowels, 70

Horns, Upper and lower, 34, 37, 42

Human voice, four parts, 9
---- voice, incomparable, 9

Huxley's description of respiration, 14

Illingworth, Rumney, on falsetto, 39, 52

Inspiration and expiration, 14
---- of men and women, 15
----, Three ways of, 14
---- through the mouth, 26

Isenschmid's throat apparatus, 77

Italian composers studying voices, 3

Lacing, Tight, 25

Laryngo-Phantom, Isenschmid's, 77

Laryngoscope described, 73
----, Errors in using, 79
----, How to use, 73
----, What is seen, 80

Laryngoscopic images, 84, 85

Larynx generally described, 31
---- (see Voice-box)

Levers of the Pyramids, 36

Lid and its function, 32, 35, 80

Ligaments, Pocket, 50, 81
----, ----, not tone producers, 52
----, ----, their functions, 53, 83
----, Vocal, described, 36, 81, 94
----, ----, how produce tone, 32, 81
----, ----, how stretched, 47
----, ----, in S.C.T.B. voices, 66
----, ----, size, movement, 41
----, ----, Three actions of, 83
----, ----, View of, 37

Lung gymnastics, 21

Lungs described, 9
----, Experiment with calf's, 12
----, their function, 12

Lunn on "Coup de glotte", 83
---- on differences in larynges, 64, 89
---- on laryngoscopic views, 82

Luschka, and term "vocal chink", 45
----, how tone is produced, 40

Luschka's measurements of larynges, 64

Male contralti, 2
---- soprani, 1

Malrespiration, 28

Ma