of Egypt.*

* Allabria or Allabur is on the borders of Parsua and of
Karalla, which allows us to locate it in the basins of the
Kerkhorah and the Saruk, tributaries of the Jagatu, which
flow into Lake Urumiah. Abdadana, which borders on
Allabria, and was, according to Ramman-nirari, at the
extreme end of Nairi, was a little further to the east or
north-east; if I am not mistaken, it corresponds pretty
nearly to Uriad, on the banks of the Kizil-Uzen.

In two only of these regions, namely, Syria and Armenia, do native
documents add any information to the meagre summary contained in the
Annals, and give us glimpses of contemporary rulers. The retreat of
Shalmaneser, after his partial success in 839, had practically left the
ancient allies of Ben-hadad II. at the mercy of Hazael, the new King of
Damascus, but he did not apparently attempt to assert his supremacy over
the whole of Coele-Syria, and before long several of its cities acquired
considerable importance, first Mansuate, and then Hadrach,* both of
which, casting Hamath into the shade, succeeded in holding their own
against Hazael and his successors. He renewed hostilities, however,
against the Hebrews, and did not relax his efforts till he had
thoroughly brought them into subjection. Jehu suffered loss on all his
frontiers, "from Jordan eastward, all the land of Gilead, the Gadites,
the Keubenites, and the Manassites, from Aroer, which is by the valley
of Arnon, even Gilead and Bashan,"** Israel became thus once more
entirely dependent on Damascus, but the sister kingdom of Judah still
escaped its yoke through the energy of her rulers.

* Mansuati successfully resisted Ramman-nirari in 797 B.C.,
but he probably caused its ruin, for after this only
expeditions against Hadrach are mentioned. Mansuati was in
the basin of the Orontes, and the manner in which the
Assyrian texts mention it in connection with Zimyra seems to
show that it commanded the opening in the Lebanon range
between Cole-Syria and Phoenicia. The site of Khatarika, the
Hadrach of Zech. ix. 1, is not yet precisely determined; but
it must, as well as Mansuati, have been in the neighbourhood
of Hamath, perhaps between Hamath and Damascus. It appears
for the first time in 772.

** 2 Kings x. 32, 33. Even if verse 33 is a later addition,
it gives a correct idea of the situation, except as regards