e Ribera Maldonado; Manila,
June 28 307

Bibliographical Data 317

ILLUSTRATIONS

Autograph signature of Pedro Chirino, S.J.; photographic facsimile
from MS. in Archivo general de Indias, Sevilla 215
Autograph signatures of Pedro de Acuna and members of the
Audiencia; photographic facsimile from MS. in Archivo general de
Indias, Sevilla 243

PREFACE

The larger part of the present volume is occupied with the _Relacion_
of the Jesuit Chirino, begun in _Vol_. XII, and here concluded. In
this work is recorded the progress of the Jesuit missions up to
the year 1602, by which time they have been established not only
in Luzon and Cebu, but in Bohol, Leyte, Negros, Samar, and northern
Mindanao. The arrival of the visitor Garcia in 1599 results in new
vigor and more thorough organization in the missions, and the numbers
of those baptized in each rapidly increase. The missionaries are able
to uproot idolatry in many places, and greatly check its practice
in others. Everywhere they introduce, with great acceptance and
edification among the natives, the practice of flagellation--"the
procession of blood." Religious confraternities are formed among the
converts, greatly aiding the labors of the fathers; and the latter
open schools for boys, among both the Spaniards and the Indians. In
time of pestilence they minister to the sick and the dying; and they
gain great influence among all classes. They secure the good-will of
hostile natives, quell a threatened revolt among those of Leyte, and
reclaim certain outlaws and bandits. The Spaniards also receive their
ministrations, especially in Manila; the fathers adjust dissensions
and family quarrels, and reform several dissolute persons. The college
at Manila prospers, and enlarges its curriculum. The labors of the
Jesuits effect certain important changes in social conditions among the
natives. Usury, unjust enslavement, and polygamy are greatly lessened,
and sometimes entirely abolished, among the Indians in the mission
districts; and most notable of these results, the fathers have much
success in gathering not only their own converts, but even many of
the wild and savage mountaineers, into villages under their personal
care and supervision.

A new monastic order, the Augustinian Recollects, is permitted to
send missionaries to the islands. Little of importance occurs there
in 1604; but among the Spania