east.

_Denying_ is expressed by pushing the open right hand from one, and
turning the face the contrary way. See _Aversion_.

_Differing_ in sentiment may be expressed as refusing. See _Refusing_.

_Agreeing_ in opinion, or _Conviction_, as granting. See _Granting_.

_Exhorting_, as by a general at the head of his army, requires a kind,
complacent look; unless matter of offence has passed, as neglect of
duty, or the like.

_Judging_ demands a grave, steady look, with deep attention; the
countenance altogether clear from any appearance of either disgust or
favour. The accents slow, distinct, emphatical, accompanied with little
action, and that very grave.

_Reproving_ puts on a stern aspect, roughens the voice, and is
accompanied with gestures not much different from those of
_Threatening_, but not so lively.

_Acquitting_ is performed with a benevolent, tranquil countenance and
tone of voice; the right hand, if not both, open, waved gently toward
the person acquitted, expressing dismission. See _Dismissing_.

_Condemning_ assumes a severe look, but mixed with pity. The sentence is
to be expressed as with reluctance.

_Teaching_, explaining, inculcating, or giving orders to an inferior,
requires an air of superiority to be assumed. The features are to be
composed of an authoritative gravity. The eye steady, and open, the
eye-brow a little drawn down over it; but not so much as to look surly
or dogmatical. The tone of voice varying according as the emphasis
requires, of which a good deal is necessary in expressing matter of this
sort. The pitch of the voice to be strong and clear; the articulation
distinct; the utterance slow, and the manner peremptory. This is the
proper manner of pronouncing the commandments in the communion office.
But (I am sorry to say it) they are too commonly spoken in the same
manner as the prayers, than which nothing can be more unnatural.

_Pardoning_ differs from acquitting, in that the latter means clearing a
person, after trial, of guilt; whereas the former supposes guilt, and
signifies merely delivering the guilty person from punishment. Pardoning
requires some degree of severity of aspect and tone of voice, because
the pardoned person is not an object of entire unmixed approbation;
otherwise its expression is much the same as granting. See _Granting_.

_Arguing_ requires a cool, sedate, attentive aspect, and a clear, slow,
emphatical accent, with much demonstration by the hand.