t cut to the line _a b c d_, Fig. 1, the widest part
being, not on deck, but along the line _c d_, as there is some "tumble
home" from _b_ to the stern.

The outline of the deck is _a b e f_, the stern being a segment of a
circle of five inches radius.

A piece of thin board must be cut of the shape of Fig. 5 (which is half
size), which is the widest part of the boat, and is fourteen inches from
the bow, and by using it for a guide, both sides may be cut out exactly
alike.

The stem piece, half an inch thick, and the stern-post, five-sixteenths
of an inch, are sawed out, and tacked in place temporarily, and a wooden
keel of the shape shown in Fig. 4 (marked "Lead Keel"), half an inch
thick, tapering to five-sixteenths where it joins the stern-post, is
fitted in between them.

The shaping of the hull may now be completed, using a gouge, spokeshave,
and rasp, keeping the midship section for a guide, and running the
curved surfaces smoothly and evenly into the sides of the keel, stern,
and stem, the latter tapering to five-sixteenths of an inch forward.

The hole for the rudder-stock is next bored, one-fourth of an inch in
diameter, and burned out with a moderately hot iron to five-sixteenths
of an inch; then, should the stock swell when wet, it will not stick in
the charred wood, but will still turn freely.

The keel, stem, and stern are removed, to avoid injury to them, and the
line _l m n o p_, Fig. 1, is drawn, after which the wood inside is cut
away with a large gouge or carving tool, until it is one-fourth of an
inch thick, care being taken to have it all an even thickness, and not
to cut through at any point, and also to leave the wood solid around the
rudder-hole.

After the hollowing out is completed, a rabbet one-eighth of an inch
wide and deep is cut to receive the deck, its outer line being
_g h i k_, Fig. 1. Then a light deck beam is set in amidships, the mast
step put in, and the inside of the hull and the bottom of the deck
painted. The deck is of pine, one-eighth of an inch thick, and after
being cut out should have lines scratched in with the compasses
three-eighths of an inch from each edge to represent the water-ways, and
parallel lines one-fourth of an inch apart scratched in to represent the
joints of the deck plank.

Now the deck is laid and tacked down, and the joints painted, and calked
if needed, the stem and stern-post replaced permanently, and the
bowsprit screwed to the deck and stem.