o. Heat should be applied to the feet; and, in obstinate cases,
the sudden shock of a cold key, or cold water poured down the spine,
will instantly stop the bleeding. If the bowels are confined take a
purgative. Injections of alum solution from a small syringe into the
nose will often stop hemorrhage.

VIOLENT SHOCKS will sometimes stun a person, and he will remain
unconscious. Untie strings, collars, etc.; loosen anything that is
tight, and interferes with the breathing; raise the head; see if there
is bleeding from any part; apply smelling salts to the nose, and hot
bottles to the feet.

IN CONCUSSION, the surface of the body is cold and pale, and the pulse
weak and small, the breathing slow and _gentle_, and the pupil of the
eye generally contracted or small. You can get an answer by speaking
loud, so as to rouse the patient. Give a little brandy and water, keep
the place quiet, apply warmth, and do not raise the head too high. If
you tickle the feet, the patient feels it.

IN COMPRESSION OF THE BRAIN from any cause, such as apoplexy, or a
piece of fractured bone pressing on it, there is loss of sensation. If
you tickle the feet of the injured person he does not feel it. You
cannot arouse him so as to get an answer. The pulse is slow and
labored; the breathing deep, labored, and _snorting_; the pupil
enlarged. Raise the head, loosen strings or tight things, and send for
a surgeon. If one cannot be got at once, apply mustard poultices to the
feet and thighs, leeches to the temples, and hot water to the feet.

CHOKING.--When a person has a fish bone in the throat, insert the
forefinger, press upon the root of the tongue, so as to induce
vomiting; if this does not do, let him swallow a large piece of potato
or soft bread; and if these fail, give a mustard emetic.

FAINTING, HYSTERICS, ETC.--Loosen the garments, bathe the temples with
water or eau-de-Cologne; open the window, admit plenty of fresh air,
dash cold water on the face, apply hot bricks to the feet, and avoid
bustle and excessive sympathy.

DROWNING.--Attend to the following _essential rules_: 1. Lose no time.
2. Handle the body gently. 3. Carry the body face downwards, with the
head gently raised, and never hold it up by the feet. 4. Send for
medical assistance immediately, and in the meantime act as follows: 5.
Strip the body; rub it dry, then wrap it in hot blankets, and place it
in a warm bed in a warm room. 6. Cleanse away the froth and mucous from