lace to utilitarianism and necessity--that the logic
of events will bring about a decision not to be effected by the logic
of thought. There is still a strong party here in the North who do not
wish to proceed to the one extreme measure, as they call the absolute
abolition of slavery; but hope to subdue the South by war instead.

We hope they will not succeed. The words "necessity of State," so often
misused by tyrants, will now, we trust lead to Liberty.

How much one is obliged to hear against the negroes in this country!

That the four million slaves represent twenty hundred million dollars,
is, of course, the point first mentioned; then that the blacks have
many vices, as though a perfect model of virtue were to be expected
from a down-trodden race. Any nation, so long held in bondage,
tortured, martyred, condemned to ignorance, would have been just what
they are. Moreover, tyranny has, in all ages, proclaimed the oppressed
to be low beings, ignoring, of course, the fact that if they have some
base tendencies, it is the oppression that has prepared the soil and
implanted them.

I have made the acquaintance here of a distinguished negro, whose
oration on the present situation and the future of his race I had
heard. There was a touch of Demosthenes in it. He was a slave
twenty-two years, and has acquired a complete scientific education.

Sometimes there is in his voice a quivering tone of lament, as of one
drooping under a weight of sorrow, and I admire him for suppressing an
avengeful anger. If a single man can do much for his race, this man, or
one like him, might become an historic character.

But the heroic age is past, entirely and forever; now we must depend on
community of action.

We are transported into the midst of an historical or logical unfolding
of events. The attempts at peaceful reconciliation have been of no
avail. In spite of the cry "No coercion!" an army had to be raised, and
now the cry is, "No confiscation of property!" That means, no abolition
of slavery, and yet this must be the second result, since it could not
be the first.

The moral debt, neither noted down nor paid interest on, nor cancelled
on change, is now becoming a great national debt of the Union, which
the country will be obliged to liquidate with money and blood.

[Manna to the Mother.]

.... What a small matter was that night-riot made by men with blackened
faces! I have lived through a pro-sl