adding crowd.

Like all cities, Madras has its drab--very drab!--quarters and its
mean--very mean!--and straggling streets. Madras was not laid out on
any definite plan. Like ancient Rome, it had in the beginning to
attract outsiders to come and live there, and outsiders had to be
given much license to do things their own way, and the city was
allowed to grow just as it would; and in respect of many of its parts
there is much room for criticism. But Madras is a fine city
nevertheless, with a number of stately buildings, both public and
private, and with great possibilities; and its 'Marina' can truly be
called magnificent.

But the greatest charm of Madras lies in its history. It was here that
the foundations of the Indian Empire may be said to have been laid.
The history of Madras is not a story of aggressive warfare. The
settlers were gentle merchants, whose weapon was not the sword but the
pen, and whose only desire it was to be left alone to carry on their
business in peace. But the rising city was a continual mark for the
hostility of commercial and political rivals, both European and
Indian. It was a storm-centre, and the storms were often fierce; and
the merchants were often compelled to meet force with force. Moreover,
the merchants were men, and their doings therefore were by no means
always without reproach; but, with due allowance for human weakness,
the history of Madras is a history of which Madras may be proud. The
city has grown from strength to strength, and in its story there is
much inspiration. This little book has merely told the story in part;
but it will have served its purpose if it has in any way helped the
reader to realize that the story of Madras is the story of no mean
city.

INDEX

_The figures refer to the pages_

Admiralty House, 85

Agri-Horticultural Society, 108

Aix-la-Chapelle (Treaty), 28, 39

Amir Mahal, 67

Anderson, Dr. J., 107

Anderson, Rev. J., 95

Appar, 61

Arcot, Siege of, 64

Arcot, Prince of, 67

Armagaum, 2, 5, 9

Armenians, 19, 20

Armenian street, 19, 59

Assumption Church, 56

Aurangzeb, 39, 64

Bantam, 8

Bentinck (Governor-General), 94

Biden House, 86

Black Town (Old), 19, 22, 25, 26, 29

Black Town (New), 29, 31, 32

Bound Hedge, The, 41

Bourchier (Governor), 76

Brahman Widows' Home, 109, 110

Carew (R. C. Bishop), 95

Carnatic, The, 63

Cassa Verona, 39

Chandragiri (Rajah), 6, 7, 63, 64

Chepauk,