ns the grand horizon is the Trojan War, yet both reach
beyond it, the one toward the West, the other toward the East. The one
weaves into its regular narrative the Fairy Tale, the other takes up
into its text what we have called the Romantic Novelette. The former
looks toward the West and the Future, the latter looks back at the East
and the Past. Hence the Fairy Tale is prophetic and has supernatural
beings, the Novelette is retrospective, giving the experiences of life
without supernatural agencies. In scenery also the contrast is great:
the one is largely a sea poem, the other is a land poem.

_Structural analogy between Iliad and Odyssey._ We have before said,
and we may repeat here at the end, that the final fruit of Homeric
study is to see and to fully realize that the Iliad and Odyssey are one
work, showing national consciousness, and unfolding one great epoch of
the World's History. Just here we may note the fundamental analogies of
structure between the two poems.

I. Both poems have the dual division, separating into two symmetrical
portions. The Iliad has two Wraths of Achilles, and also two
Reconciliations; thus each division is subdivided:

1. His first attitude or cycle of conduct toward the Greeks.

(_a_) His wrath--both rightful and wrongful.

(_b_) His reconciliation with Agamemnon and his own people.

2. His second attitude, or cycle of conduct toward the Trojans.

(_a_) His wrath--both rightful and wrongful.

(_b_) His reconciliation with Priam and the Trojans.

Such is the general organism of the Iliad which is seen to be perfectly
symmetrical within itself. (For a fuller account see author's
Commentary on the Iliad, pp. 36-8.) Note that the negative attitude of
Achilles is that of wrath; in his anger he will destroy his people and
his cause, and finally, in the dragging of Hector's corpse, he
disregards the Gods. Yet be overcomes both these negative attitudes in
himself and becomes reconciled.

II. The Odyssey has two phases of Negation, both of which the heroes
(father and son) must overcome.

1. The negative spirit caused by the Trojan War and its overcoming.

(_a_) The ignorance of the son and its overcoming.

(_b_) The destructive tendency of the father and its overcoming.

2. The negative spirit abroad in Ithaca (Suitors) and its overcoming.

(_a_) The hut of the swineherd (preparation).

(_b_) The palace of the King (execution).

That is, Ulys