variety, and beauty.

The following list, exhibiting the range and distribution of each group,
will enable us to study more easily their internal and external
relations.

_Range of the Groups of Malayan Papilionidae._

Ornithoptera.

1. Priamus-group. Moluccas to Woodlark Island 5 species.
2. Pompeus-group. Himalayas to New Guinea,
(Celebes, maximum) 11"
3. Brookeana-group. Sumatra and Borneo 1"

Papilio.

4. Nox-group. North India, Java, and Philippines 5 species
5. Coon-group. North India to Java 2"
6. Polydorus-group. India to New Guinea
and Pacific 7"
7. Ulysses-group. Celebes to New Caledonia 4"
8. Peranthus-group. India to Timor and
Moluccas (India, maximum) 9"
9. Memnon-group. India to Timor and Moluccas
(Java, maximum) 10"
10. Helenus-group. Africa and India to New
Guinea 11"
11. Pammon-group. India to Pacific and Australia 9"
12. Erectheus-group. Celebes to Australia 2"
13. Demolion-group. India to Celebes 2"
14. Erithonius-group. Africa, India, Australia 1"
15. Paradoxa-group. India to Java (Borneo,
maximum) 5"
16. Dissimilis-group. India to Timor (India,
maximum) 2"
17. Macareus-group. India to New Guinea 10"
18. Antiphates-group. Widely distributed 8"
19. Eurypylus-group. India to Australia 15"

Leptocircus.

20. Leptocircus-group. India to Celebes 4"

This Table shows the great affinity of the Malayan with the Indian
Papilionidae, only three out of the twenty groups ranging beyond, into
Africa, Europe, or America. The limitation of groups to the Indo-Malayan
or Austro-Malayan divisions of the archipelago, which is so well marked
in the higher animals, is much less conspicuous in insects, but is shown
in some degree by the Papilionidae. The following groups are either
almost or entirely restricted to one portion of the archipelago:--

_Indo-Malayan Region._ _Austro-Malayan Region._

Nox-group. Priamus-group.
Coon-group. Ulysses-group.
Macareus-group (nearly). Erechtheus-group.
Paradoxa-group.
Dissimilis-group (nearly).
Brookeanus-group.
LEPTOCIRCUS (genus).

The remaining groups, which range over the whole archipelago, are, in
many cases, insects of very powerful flight, or they frequent open
places and the sea-beach, and are thus more likely to get blown from
island to island. The fact that three such chara