appear not even to have derived such knowledge as they possessed
from their parents but from strangers, then the average full
life of aged parents should be added, or say sixty years more,
making a total of at least one hundred and forty years since the
immigration. Something might, it is true, be allowed for a sojourn
at intermediate points: and the scantiness of the remarks is also
to be remembered. But there remains to account for the considerable
population which had grown up in the land from apparently one
centre. If the original intruders were four hundred, for example,
then in doubling every twenty years, they would number 12,800
in a century. But this rate is higher than their state of
"Middle-Barbarism" is likely to have permitted and a hundred and
fifty years would seem to be as fast as they could be expected to
attain the population they possessed in Cartier's time.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] "Iroquois Book of Rites," p. 10.

[2] _Ibid._, p. 13.

[3] The latter I conjecture not to be the real name of the place but
that the Stadacona people had referred to Hochelay as "Agojuda" or
wicked. The chief of Hochelay on one occasion warned Cartier of plots at
Stadacona, and there appears to have been some antagonism between the
places. The Hochelay people seem to have been Hochelagans proper not
Stadacona Hochelagans. Hochelay-aga could mean "people of Hochelay."

[4] Relation of 1642.

[5] Similar armour, though highly elaborated, is to be seen in the suits
of Japanese warriors, made of cords and lacquered wood woven together.

[6] Relation of 1642, p. 36.

[7] Two of the Huron nations settled in Canada West about 1400; another
about 1590; the fourth in 1610. See Relations,--W.M. Beauchamp.

[8] Dr. Kellogg, whose collection is very large and his studies
valuable, writes me as follows: "In 1886 Mr. Frey sent me a little box
of Indian pottery from his vicinity (the Mohawk Valley). It contained
chiefly edge pieces of jars, whose ornamentation outside near the top
was in _lines_, and nearly every one of these pieces also had the _deep
finger nail indentation_. I spread these out on a board. Many had also
the small circle ornamentation, made perhaps by the end of a hollow
bone. This pottery I have always called Iroquois. At two sites near
Plattsburg this type prevails. But otherwise whenever we have found this
type we have looked on it curiously. It is