ordinary services. The authorities for these
statements are Paley's _Gothic Architecture_, the Oxford _Manual for
Brasses, Popular Tracts illustrating the Prayer-book_, No. 2., and _An
Explanation of the Construction, &c., of a Catholic Church_.

Arun.

_Smoke-money_ (Vol. ii., p. 120.).--It may _contribute_ to answering
B.'s Query, to know that smoke-pennies are also yearly levied from most
of the inhabitants of the New Forest, and understood by them to be an
indication for their right of cutting peat in the waste of the forest.

Lambda.

_Common, Mutual, Reciprocal._--1. What is equally related to A., B.,
(C., &c.), is _common_ to them.

2. What A. and B. entertain, feel, do, &c. towards one another, is said
to be _mutual_.

3. What A. entertains, feels, does, &c. to B. in return for the same
entertained, felt, done, &c. by B. towards him, is said to be
_reciprocal_. Thus:

1. A., B., (C., &c.), have a _common_ friend X.

2. A. and B. entertain a _mutual_ esteem for each other.

3. B. has a regard for A., and A. has a _reciprocal_ regard for B.

In the passage quoted by Mr. Gatty (Vol. i., p. 440.), I think, with
deference to the eminent historian whom he cites, that _reciprocal_
should have been written instead of _mutual_.

B.H.K.

_Juice Cups._--Should no more satisfactory Reply to the Query of N.B.
(Vol. ii., p. 89.) present itself, the following suggestions may be
acceptable to him. Without pretending to _professional_ knowledge on the
point, I conceive that the use of an inverted cup in the centre of a
fruit pie is two-fold. It answers the purpose of supporting the crust,
which, being usually thin and light, has but little strength in itself,
probably less than that of a meat pie, while, by the shrinking of the
fruit in baking it is left unsupported: and it further serves, not
indeed as some good ladies seem to suppose, to increase the quantity of
juice, but to keep a portion of it in reserve; so that the pie may not
become too dry when a few spoonfuls of its more liquid contents have
been taken out. {175} This, I conceive, it effects in the following
manner. It contains, when inserted, a considerable quantity of cold air.
This expands as the pie is heated in the oven, until it drives out from
under the cup all, or nearly all, of the fluid that has originally
collected under it; and then, continuing to expand, much of the air
escapes through the air-holes of the pie into the oven. As the pi