n. Various sulphur ointments
and washes are used as remedies. Cleanliness will prevent infection.

Closely related to the itch-mite of man (_Sarcoptes scabiei_) are
several kinds attacking domestic animals, causing mange, scab, etc. The
variety infesting horses burrows in the skin and produces sores and
scabs, and is a source of very great annoyance. These mites may also
migrate to man. Tobacco water and sulphur ointments are used as
remedies.

Horses and cattle are also infested by other mites (_Psoroptes
communis_) which cause the common mange. These do not burrow into the
skin but live outside in colonies, feeding on the skin and causing
crusts or scabs. The inflammation causes the animal to scratch and rub
constantly and often causes the loss of much of the hair.

_Harvest-mites._ A score or more of different varieties of mites cause
many other diseases of domestic animals, such as the scab of sheep and
hogs and chickens, various other manges of the horses and cattle and
dogs, etc. But we need to call attention to just one more example, that
of the harvest-mites or jiggers (Fig. 21). Professor Otto Lugger, from
whose report on the _Parasites of Man and Domestic Animals_ most of
these notes in regard to the mites are taken, thus feelingly refers to
this pest.

"About the very worst pests of man and domesticated animals are the
Harvest-bugs, Red-bugs or Jiggers.... Men and animals passing
through low herbage that harbors them are attacked by these pests,
which, whenever they succeed in finding a host, burrow in and under
the skin, causing intolerable itching and sores, the latter caused
by the feverish activity of the finger-nails of the host, if that
should be a man, whose energy in scratching, apparently, cannot be
controlled and who is bound forcibly to remove the intruders. The
writer has been there! Those who have ever passed through meadows
infested with red-bugs will remember the occasion."

Horses, cattle, dogs and cats and other animals suffer also. Again
sulphur ointments are the best remedies.

"The normal food of these mites must, apparently, consist of the
juices of plants, and the love of blood proves ruinous to those
individuals which get a chance to indulge it. For, unlike the true
chigoe, the female of which deposits eggs in the wound she makes,
these harvest-mites have no object of the kind, and when not killed
at