arbois," ii. 126.

Cross, trial or ordeal of the, ii. 264.

Cross, the true. (_See_ Relics.)

CRUSADES, The, ii. 1-100;
differently represented in history and in romance; pilgrimages before
the Crusades, ii. 2;
encouraged by Haron al Reschid; pilgrims taxed by the Fatemite caliphs;
increase of pilgrimages in anticipation of the millenium, 3;
oppressions of the Turks; consequent indignation of the pilgrims, 4;
Peter the Hermit espouses their cause; state of the public mind in
Europe, 5;
motives leading to the Crusades, 6;
Peter the Hermit stimulates the Pope; his personal appearance, 7;
council at Placentia, 8;
the Pope preaches the Crusade at Clermont, 9;
enthusiasm of the people, 10;
increased by signs and portents, 11;
zeal of the women, 12;
crowds of Crusaders, 13;
"The truce of God" proclaimed; dissipation of the Crusaders, 14;
popular leaders; Walter the Penniless, and Gottschalk, 15;
conflicts with the Hungarians, 15, 16;
Peter the Hermit defeated; arrives at Constantinople, 17;
the Emperor Alexius; dissensions and reverses of the first Crusaders, 18;
Peter the Hermit assisted by Alexius, 19;
fresh hordes from Germany and France; their cruelty to the Jews, 20;
defeated in Hungary; fresh leaders; Godfrey of Bouillon, Hugh count of
Vermandois, Robert duke of Normandy, Robert count of Flanders and
Bohemund, 21;
the immense number of their forces; Hugh of Vermandois imprisoned, 23;
his release obtained by Godfrey of Bouillon, 24;
insolence of Count Robert of Paris; weakness of Alexius, 25;
the siege of Nice, 26;
barbarity of the Crusaders and Musselmen; anecdote of Godfrey of
Bouillon, 27;
Nice surrenders to Alexius; battle of Doryloeum, 28;
improvidence and sufferings of the Crusaders, 29, 30;
the siege of Antioch, 29, 31;
Crusaders reduced to famine, 30;
Antioch taken by treachery in the garrison (_engraving_), 32;
the city invested by the Turks, 34;
increasing famine and desertion, 35;
Peter Barthelemy, his pretended vision, and discovery of the "Holy Lance"
(_engraving_), 35-37, 40;
revival of enthusiasm, 38;
battle of Antioch, and defeat of the Turks, 38;
dissensions, 40;
fate of Peter Barthelemy, 41;
Marah taken by storm, 42;
shrine of the nativity at Bethlehem, (_engraving_), 43;
first sight of Jerusalem (_engraving_), 44;
the city besieged and taken, 45;
Peter the Herm