REFERENCES FOR ADVANCED STUDY.--CHAPTER III

I. _Further Study of Opinions of United States Immigration
Officials._

See Commissioner-General's Annual Report, furnished free from
Washington upon application to the "Commissioner of Immigration."
Report of 1902, pp. 59, 60. Report of 1904, pp. 37-47, 123-136.
Report of 1904, pp. 61-70. Report of 1905, pp. 58, 75-78.

II. _Provisions and Fate of Legislation of 1906 Proposed in
Congress._

Text of "Gardner Bill" and Journal of the House for June 25, 1906,
can be secured by writing to Washington.

III. _Evils of Undistributed Immigration._

Warne: The Slav Invasion, IV, V.
Hunter: Poverty, VI.
Lord, et al: The Italian in America, IV, X.

IV. _Efforts to Secure Wider Distribution of Immigrants._

Hall: Immigration, XIII.
Lord, et al: The Italian in America, VII, IX.

_To know anything about the actual character of recent and present
immigration, we must distinguish the many and very diverse elements
of which it is composed._--Samuel McLanahan.

IV

THE NEW IMMIGRATION

The world never before saw anything comparable to this tremendous
movement of people in so short a space of time. The population Europe
has lost in a hundred years is greater than the total number of
inhabitants of Great Britain and Ireland in 1860, and only a little less
than that of the United States in the same year. It is equal to three
fifths of the total population of Europe in the time of Augustus Caesar.
If the ships carried five hundred passengers on the average, about fifty
thousand trips have been made in the transfer.

Emphatically too many people are now coming over here; too many of an
undesirable sort. In 1902 over seven tenths were from races who do not
rapidly assimilate with the customs and institutions of this
country.--_Prescott F. Hall._

There are two classes who would pass upon the immigration question. One
says, "Close the doors and let in nobody;" and the other says, "Open
wide the doors and let in everybody." I am in sympathy with neither of
these classes. There is a happy middle path--a path of discernment and
judgment.--_Commissioner Robert Watchorn of New York._

Just as a body cannot with safety accept nourishment any faster than it
is capable of assimilating it, so a state cannot accept an excessive
influx of people without serious injury.--_H. H. Boyesen._

I