expense. Cf. _Lud. Pius_, Leg. Nos. 54, 24, et al. loc.
Tractoria gave specification of what should be provided in each
case. For Formula, v. _Marcolfo_, Lib. I.
_d_. Veredi (Paraveredi): Horses and beasts of burden for king
and ministers. Cf. in Capitular. Reg. Franc. saepe. Capit.
_Lud_. II., Ad Missos, etc.
Census vehicularius, fiscalis or publicus was post to carry, free
of expense, king's letters, etc.
_e_. Foderum (Fodrum): Support of a king and his army in
passing through a district. Cf. many privileges and exemptions
to different churches and monasteries. Articles of the Peace of
Constance. Some privileges to private persons.

2. _Teloneum_.
_a_. Pedagium: General word for _tolls_ on streets, roads,
bridges, etc.
[Greek: alpha]. Pontaticum, for bridges.
[Greek: beta]. Portaticum, for gates.
[Greek: gamma]. Platiaticum, for license to sell in market.
[Greek: delta]. Casaticum, for houses.
Cf. _Otho_ II., Diploma to Monast. Volturno a. 983, et al. loc.
_b_. Ripaticum: General word for tolls and taxes for transport by
water. Cf. Diploma of Berenger II. v. _Ughelli_, Italia Sacra,
Tom. V. Also a Privilegium of Charlemagne, anno 787. v.
_Ughelli_, Italia Sacra, Tom. V., a. 787. This privilegium
confirms the laws of Liutprand, and shows how much the
inhabitants of Como had to pay in various places in moving salt
down the rivers of Lombardy.
[Greek: alpha]. Paliscitura,
[Greek: beta]. Trasitura,
[Greek: gamma]. Navium ligatura.
Wharfage dues.
[Greek: delta]. Portonaticum, harbor dues.
[Greek: epsilon]. Curatura, probably a tax on certain
merchandise.
[Greek: zeta]. Passagio, probably same as preceding, but
possibly a tax in favor of those going to the Holy Land.

8. _Auxilia_ (Occasiones) (dues from vassals):
_a_. Praestitiones.
_b_. Dona.
_c_. Gratuita.
_d_. Mutua.
More common after the year 1000 A.D.; but, for an example in the
year 878, see a Diploma of Lewis II., published by _Puricelli_
in his Monumenti della Basilica Arnbrosiana.

III. Under head of "_lands owned by Crown or Publicum_":

1. _Terra Censualis_. Holder of t.c. owed these duties:
_a_. Glaudaticum,
_b_. Escaticum,
_c_. Herbaticum,
_d_. Datio,
_e_. Alpaticum,
_f_. Agrarium.
Payments for right to pasture cattle and