he intra-cranial portion
of its course, or as it traversed the optic foramen, was not uncommon.

_Auditory._--Loss of hearing was also not infrequent; thus it
accompanied all three wounds of the mastoid process quoted under the
heading of the seventh nerve, also two cases of fracture of the
occipital bone near the ear quoted on p. 278. In all these instances it
was impossible to attribute the deafness to lesion of the nerve alone,
as the causative injury equally affected the internal ear, and in at
least two the bullet implicated the tympanum as well in its course. The
deafness was absolute in each case, and in none had any improvement
occurred at the end of nine months. Deafness was a symptom in a certain
number of the more severe cerebral injuries in which the course of the
bullet was not so near to the internal ear: probably some of these were
central in origin.

I only once observed any interference with the sense of taste.

_Remaining cranial nerves._--I have little to say regarding the _third_,
_fourth_, and _sixth_ nerves. In the case of the third nerve, ptosis was
occasionally seen in wounds of the skull involving the roof of the
orbit, but the relative parts taken by injury to nerve and laceration or
fixation of muscle respectively, were usually hard to determine. Again,
the fourth and sixth nerves may have been damaged in some of the more
extensive orbital wounds, especially those in which the globe suffered
injury, but the signs under such circumstances were difficult to
discriminate, and the injury was of slight practical importance, in view
of the major injury to the globe itself.

_Fifth nerve._--Concussion, contusion, or laceration of the different
branches of the three divisions of the fifth nerve were common in wounds
of the head, but most frequent in fractures of the upper or lower jaws.
Localised anaesthesia was common from one or other of these causes, but
for the most part transitory in the cases of contusion or concussion. I
saw no case of entire loss of function in any one division, symptoms
being mostly confined to certain branches, as the supra-orbital, the
temporo-malar, the dental branches of the second division, the
auriculo-temporal nerve, and the lingual, dental, and mental branches of
the third division. I did not observe any cases in which modification of
the special senses accompanied these injuries beyond those mentioned in
the remarks already made on the subject of anosmia, and one